Biomaterial Database

Tension responses to quick length changes of glycerinated skeletal muscle fibres from the frog and tortoise. 1974

P Heinl, and H J Kuhn, and J C Rüegg

1. Twitch fibres isolated from the sartorius muscle of the frog were glycerinated (cf. Heinl, 1972) and thin fibre bundles dissected from the m. ileofibularis of the tortoise were briefly glycerinated as described by Julian (1971).2. The glycerinated fibres (length 0.3-0.5 cm) were fixed to an apparatus which performed length changes within 5 msec and recorded the time course of tension changes in the fibres.3. The fibres were suspended in a relaxing medium, containing ATP and 4 mM-EGTA. Contraction was induced by raising the calcium concentration to 4 mM-CaEGTA.4. The tension time course of activated fibres following quick length changes (0.1-1% L(0)) was studied. The tension records produced by quick releases and stretches could be resolved into four phases similar to the kind shown in Fig. 1 a.5. The phase of quick tension recovery was found to take place more rapidly in frog than in tortoise fibres: it was completed in approximately 30 msec (after stretch) and in approximately 20 msec (after release) in frog fibres (3 degrees C). The corresponding values obtained for tortoise fibres were approximately 300 and approximately 400 msec (3 degrees C).6. In tortoise fibres the size of the elastic and quick recovery phase increased with rising isometric tension (induced by raising the calcium concentration (pCa 8 to 5)), and decreased with increasing sarcomere length (2.5-4.2 mum). In fibres, in which the rigor state was induced by withdrawal of ATP, no quick tension recovery was recorded.7. It is suggested that the rotational movement of the crossbridge head on the actin filament, postulated by Huxley & Simmons (1971 b) is taking place more slowly in the tortoise than in the frog muscle. Furthermore, it is suggested that this rotational movement does not occur in the rigor state, as no quick tension recovery was recorded there.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D009119	Muscle Contraction	A process leading to shortening and/or development of tension in muscle tissue. Muscle contraction occurs by a sliding filament mechanism whereby actin filaments slide inward among the myosin filaments.	Inotropism,Muscular Contraction,Contraction, Muscle,Contraction, Muscular,Contractions, Muscle,Contractions, Muscular,Inotropisms,Muscle Contractions,Muscular Contractions
D009132	Muscles	Contractile tissue that produces movement in animals.	Muscle Tissue,Muscle,Muscle Tissues,Tissue, Muscle,Tissues, Muscle
D009210	Myofibrils	The long cylindrical contractile organelles of STRIATED MUSCLE cells composed of ACTIN FILAMENTS; MYOSIN filaments; and other proteins organized in arrays of repeating units called SARCOMERES .	Myofilaments,Myofibril,Myofilament
D011896	Rana temporaria	A species of the family Ranidae occurring in a wide variety of habitats from within the Arctic Circle to South Africa, Australia, etc.	European Common Frog,Frog, Common European,Common European Frog,Common Frog, European,European Frog, Common,Frog, European Common
D002118	Calcium	A basic element found in nearly all tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes.	Coagulation Factor IV,Factor IV,Blood Coagulation Factor IV,Calcium-40,Calcium 40,Factor IV, Coagulation
D000255	Adenosine Triphosphate	An adenine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. In addition to its crucial roles in metabolism adenosine triphosphate is a neurotransmitter.	ATP,Adenosine Triphosphate, Calcium Salt,Adenosine Triphosphate, Chromium Salt,Adenosine Triphosphate, Magnesium Salt,Adenosine Triphosphate, Manganese Salt,Adenylpyrophosphate,CaATP,CrATP,Manganese Adenosine Triphosphate,MgATP,MnATP,ATP-MgCl2,Adenosine Triphosphate, Chromium Ammonium Salt,Adenosine Triphosphate, Magnesium Chloride,Atriphos,Chromium Adenosine Triphosphate,Cr(H2O)4 ATP,Magnesium Adenosine Triphosphate,Striadyne,ATP MgCl2
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001001	Anura	An order of the class Amphibia, which includes several families of frogs and toads. They are characterized by well developed hind limbs adapted for jumping, fused head and trunk and webbed toes. The term "toad" is ambiguous and is properly applied only to the family Bufonidae.	Bombina,Frogs and Toads,Salientia,Toad, Fire-Bellied,Toads and Frogs,Anuras,Fire-Bellied Toad,Fire-Bellied Toads,Salientias,Toad, Fire Bellied,Toads, Fire-Bellied
D001696	Biomechanical Phenomena	The properties, processes, and behavior of biological systems under the action of mechanical forces.	Biomechanics,Kinematics,Biomechanic Phenomena,Mechanobiological Phenomena,Biomechanic,Biomechanic Phenomenas,Phenomena, Biomechanic,Phenomena, Biomechanical,Phenomena, Mechanobiological,Phenomenas, Biomechanic
D013997	Time Factors	Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.	Time Series,Factor, Time,Time Factor