Biomaterial Database

The localization and synthesis of some collagen types in developing mouse embryos. 1979

E D Adamson, and S E Ayers

The location of type IV (basement membrane)collagen in early post-implantation mouse embryos was examined by immunoperoxidase reactions using a specific immunoglobulin raised against mouse lens capsule collagen. Reaction was positive in the earliest embryos studied--on the fifth day of gestation (the day of detection of the copulation plug is the first day). It was found only in the primitive endoderm adjacent to the blastocoelic cavity. Subsequently in development, strong staining reactions were found in the parietal endoderm, Reichert's membrane and an acellular layer which separates the visceral endoderm of the egg cylinder from the ectoderm. In tenth to eighteenth day visceral yolk sacs, the mesodermal portion was stained, which is consistent with the presence of basement membranes around blood vessels. The endodermal portion of the visceral yolk sac did not react, while small amounts were found in the amnion. By incubation of various embryonic tissues with tritiated amino acids, purification of the biosynthesized secreted collagens and their partial characterization, the differential expression of several collagen genes was detected. Identification of collagen types was made by: reaction with specific antibodies to type I and IV collagens; electrophoretic mobility; sensitivity to reduction and to collagenase; analysis of the proportions of 3-hydroxyproline, 4-hydroxyproline and hydroxylysine; and CNBr peptides. In agreement with the data of Minor et al. (1976a) for the rat, mouse parietal endoderm synthesizes large amounts of type IV collagen. In contrast to their findings, however, the 165,000 molecular weight polypeptide is not converted to one of 100,000 after reduction, alkylation and repepsinization (Dehm and Kefalides, 1978). The endoderm of the visceral yolk sac was shown to be synthesizing primarily type I collagen, while the mesoderm layer of this membrane synthesized both type I and IV collagens. Little or no type IV collagen synthesis was detected in the endoderm of the visceral yolk sac. If it is correct that the visceral endoderm of the early embryo makes a major contribution to the formation of the endoderm portion of the visceral yolk sac, then it is clear that a switch in collagen gene expression must occur as it does so.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008970	Molecular Weight	The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule.	Molecular Weights,Weight, Molecular,Weights, Molecular
D010446	Peptide Fragments	Partial proteins formed by partial hydrolysis of complete proteins or generated through PROTEIN ENGINEERING techniques.	Peptide Fragment,Fragment, Peptide,Fragments, Peptide
D003094	Collagen	A polypeptide substance comprising about one third of the total protein in mammalian organisms. It is the main constituent of SKIN; CONNECTIVE TISSUE; and the organic substance of bones (BONE AND BONES) and teeth (TOOTH).	Avicon,Avitene,Collagen Felt,Collagen Fleece,Collagenfleece,Collastat,Dermodress,Microfibril Collagen Hemostat,Pangen,Zyderm,alpha-Collagen,Collagen Hemostat, Microfibril,alpha Collagen
D004707	Endoderm	The inner of the three germ layers of an embryo.	Definitive Endoderm,Definitive Endoderms,Endoderm, Definitive,Endoderms
D005110	Extracellular Space	Interstitial space between cells, occupied by INTERSTITIAL FLUID as well as amorphous and fibrous substances. For organisms with a CELL WALL, the extracellular space includes everything outside of the CELL MEMBRANE including the PERIPLASM and the cell wall.	Intercellular Space,Extracellular Spaces,Intercellular Spaces,Space, Extracellular,Space, Intercellular,Spaces, Extracellular,Spaces, Intercellular
D000650	Amnion	The innermost membranous sac that surrounds and protects the developing embryo which is bathed in the AMNIOTIC FLUID. Amnion cells are secretory EPITHELIAL CELLS and contribute to the amniotic fluid.	Amniotic Membrane,Amnions,Amniotic Membranes,Membrane, Amniotic,Membranes, Amniotic
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001485	Basement Membrane	A darkly stained mat-like EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX (ECM) that separates cell layers, such as EPITHELIUM from ENDOTHELIUM or a layer of CONNECTIVE TISSUE. The ECM layer that supports an overlying EPITHELIUM or ENDOTHELIUM is called basal lamina. Basement membrane (BM) can be formed by the fusion of either two adjacent basal laminae or a basal lamina with an adjacent reticular lamina of connective tissue. BM, composed mainly of TYPE IV COLLAGEN; glycoprotein LAMININ; and PROTEOGLYCAN, provides barriers as well as channels between interacting cell layers.	Basal Lamina,Basement Lamina,Lamina Densa,Lamina Lucida,Lamina Reticularis,Basement Membranes,Densas, Lamina,Lamina, Basal,Lamina, Basement,Lucida, Lamina,Membrane, Basement,Membranes, Basement,Reticularis, Lamina
D015017	Yolk Sac	The first of four extra-embryonic membranes to form during EMBRYOGENESIS. In REPTILES and BIRDS, it arises from endoderm and mesoderm to incorporate the EGG YOLK into the DIGESTIVE TRACT for nourishing the embryo. In placental MAMMALS, its nutritional function is vestigial; however, it is the source of INTESTINAL MUCOSA; BLOOD CELLS; and GERM CELLS. It is sometimes called the vitelline sac, which should not be confused with the VITELLINE MEMBRANE of the egg.	Vitelline Sac of Embryo,Embryo Vitelline Sac,Embryo Vitelline Sacs,Sac, Yolk,Sacs, Yolk,Yolk Sacs
D046911	Macromolecular Substances	Compounds and molecular complexes that consist of very large numbers of atoms and are generally over 500 kDa in size. In biological systems macromolecular substances usually can be visualized using ELECTRON MICROSCOPY and are distinguished from ORGANELLES by the lack of a membrane structure.	Macromolecular Complexes,Macromolecular Compounds,Macromolecular Compounds and Complexes,Complexes, Macromolecular,Compounds, Macromolecular,Substances, Macromolecular