Biomaterial Database

Experimental Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus infection of the bovine. 1972

T E Walton, and K M Johnson

Two groups of four dairy cows (Bos taurus) were infected subcutaneously with the epizootic Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus (VEE) strains MF-8 and San Pelayo, respectively. Animals experienced no clinical illness, but all developed significant neutropenia. Virus was recovered once each from the blood of three animals but did not exceed 10(2.2) SMICLD(50) (Suckling mouse intracerebral lethal dose(50))/ml. Specific neutralizing antibodies appeared in the serum of all animals, but there were no significant differences in titers against different naturally occurring VEE subtypes. Dairy cattle thus appear to play no role in virus transmission during VEE epizootics but may serve as retrospective immunological sentinels of virus activity.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007928	Lethal Dose 50	The dose amount of poisonous or toxic substance or dose of ionizing radiation required to kill 50% of the tested population.	LD50,Dose 50, Lethal
D007970	Leukopenia	A decrease in the number of LEUKOCYTES in a blood sample below the normal range (LEUKOCYTE COUNT less than 4000).	Leukocytopenia,Leukocytopenias,Leukopenias
D009500	Neutralization Tests	The measurement of infection-blocking titer of ANTISERA by testing a series of dilutions for a given virus-antiserum interaction end-point, which is generally the dilution at which tissue cultures inoculated with the serum-virus mixtures demonstrate cytopathology (CPE) or the dilution at which 50% of test animals injected with serum-virus mixtures show infectivity (ID50) or die (LD50).	Neutralization Test,Test, Neutralization,Tests, Neutralization
D002417	Cattle	Domesticated bovine animals of the genus Bos, usually kept on a farm or ranch and used for the production of meat or dairy products or for heavy labor.	Beef Cow,Bos grunniens,Bos indicus,Bos indicus Cattle,Bos taurus,Cow,Cow, Domestic,Dairy Cow,Holstein Cow,Indicine Cattle,Taurine Cattle,Taurus Cattle,Yak,Zebu,Beef Cows,Bos indicus Cattles,Cattle, Bos indicus,Cattle, Indicine,Cattle, Taurine,Cattle, Taurus,Cattles, Bos indicus,Cattles, Indicine,Cattles, Taurine,Cattles, Taurus,Cow, Beef,Cow, Dairy,Cow, Holstein,Cows,Dairy Cows,Domestic Cow,Domestic Cows,Indicine Cattles,Taurine Cattles,Taurus Cattles,Yaks,Zebus
D002418	Cattle Diseases	Diseases of domestic cattle of the genus Bos. It includes diseases of cows, yaks, and zebus.	Bovine Diseases,Bovine Disease,Cattle Disease,Disease, Bovine,Disease, Cattle,Diseases, Bovine,Diseases, Cattle
D004666	Encephalitis Virus, Venezuelan Equine	A species of ALPHAVIRUS that is the etiologic agent of encephalomyelitis in humans and equines. It is seen most commonly in parts of Central and South America.	Encephalomyelitis Virus, Venezuelan Equine,Encephalitis Viruses, Venezuelan Equine,Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Viruses,Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus,Virus, Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis,Viruses, Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis
D004683	Encephalomyelitis, Equine	A group of ALPHAVIRUS INFECTIONS which affect horses and man, transmitted via the bites of mosquitoes. Disorders in this category are endemic to regions of South America and North America. In humans, clinical manifestations vary with the type of infection, and range from a mild influenza-like syndrome to a fulminant encephalitis. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp8-10)	Encephalitis, Equine,Equine Encephalomyelitis Virus Infections,Equine Encephalitis,Equine Encephalomyelitis Viral Infections,Infections, Equine Encephalomyelitis Virus,Equine Encephalomyelitis
D006462	Hemolytic Plaque Technique	A method to identify and enumerate cells that are synthesizing ANTIBODIES against ANTIGENS or HAPTENS conjugated to sheep RED BLOOD CELLS. The sheep red blood cells surrounding cells secreting antibody are lysed by added COMPLEMENT producing a clear zone of HEMOLYSIS. (From Illustrated Dictionary of Immunology, 3rd ed)	Jerne's Plaque Technique,Hemolytic Plaque Technic,Jerne's Plaque Technic,Hemolytic Plaque Technics,Hemolytic Plaque Techniques,Jerne Plaque Technic,Jerne Plaque Technique,Jernes Plaque Technic,Jernes Plaque Technique,Plaque Technic, Hemolytic,Plaque Technic, Jerne's,Plaque Technics, Hemolytic,Plaque Technique, Hemolytic,Plaque Technique, Jerne's,Plaque Techniques, Hemolytic,Technic, Hemolytic Plaque,Technic, Jerne's Plaque,Technics, Hemolytic Plaque,Technique, Hemolytic Plaque,Technique, Jerne's Plaque,Techniques, Hemolytic Plaque
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000914	Antibodies, Viral	Immunoglobulins produced in response to VIRAL ANTIGENS.	Viral Antibodies