Isolation and characterization of circular deoxyribonucleic acid obtained from lactose-fermenting Salmonella strains. 1973

R M Synenki, and J A Wohlhieter, and E M Johnson, and J R Lazere, and L S Baron

Six lac elements originally contained in Salmonella strains were transferred to Escherichia coli WR3026. All of the six E. coli strains that received one of the lac elements were observed to contain supercoiled, circular deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) when examined by the dye-buoyant density method. Segregants of each of these E. coli WR3026 strains that had lost the ability to utilize lactose, when examined in the same manner as the lactose-fermenting strains, were not observed to contain these supercoiled, circular DNA molecules. Thus the DNA of the lac elements is maintained in E. coli WR3026 in the supercoiled, circular form. Molecular weights of the supercoiled, circular molecules isolated from strains carrying the lac elements were determined by sucrose density gradient centrifugation to be 30 million to 56 million. The calculated number of copies per chromosome of the lac elements varied from 1.4 to 3.7, depending upon the particular lac element examined. Each of the elements was determined to have a guanine plus cytosine composition of 50%. All six of the E. coli WR3026 strains containing a transmissible lac element were tested with the E. coli male-specific phage, R-17, and the E. coli female-specific phage, phiII, and did not respond to either of these phages as do F-containing derivatives of E. coli K-12.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007785 Lactose A disaccharide of GLUCOSE and GALACTOSE in human and cow milk. It is used in pharmacy for tablets, in medicine as a nutrient, and in industry. Anhydrous Lactose,Lactose, Anhydrous
D008242 Lysogeny The phenomenon by which a temperate phage incorporates itself into the DNA of a bacterial host, establishing a kind of symbiotic relation between PROPHAGE and bacterium which results in the perpetuation of the prophage in all the descendants of the bacterium. Upon induction (VIRUS ACTIVATION) by various agents, such as ultraviolet radiation, the phage is released, which then becomes virulent and lyses the bacterium. Integration, Prophage,Prophage Integration,Integrations, Prophage,Prophage Integrations
D008970 Molecular Weight The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule. Molecular Weights,Weight, Molecular,Weights, Molecular
D002250 Carbon Radioisotopes Unstable isotopes of carbon that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. C atoms with atomic weights 10, 11, and 14-16 are radioactive carbon isotopes. Radioisotopes, Carbon
D002499 Centrifugation, Density Gradient Separation of particles according to density by employing a gradient of varying densities. At equilibrium each particle settles in the gradient at a point equal to its density. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed) Centrifugations, Density Gradient,Density Gradient Centrifugation,Density Gradient Centrifugations,Gradient Centrifugation, Density,Gradient Centrifugations, Density
D003090 Coliphages Viruses whose host is Escherichia coli. Escherichia coli Phages,Coliphage,Escherichia coli Phage,Phage, Escherichia coli,Phages, Escherichia coli
D003227 Conjugation, Genetic A parasexual process in BACTERIA; ALGAE; FUNGI; and ciliate EUKARYOTA for achieving exchange of chromosome material during fusion of two cells. In bacteria, this is a uni-directional transfer of genetic material; in protozoa it is a bi-directional exchange. In algae and fungi, it is a form of sexual reproduction, with the union of male and female gametes. Bacterial Conjugation,Conjugation, Bacterial,Genetic Conjugation
D003596 Cytosine A pyrimidine base that is a fundamental unit of nucleic acids.
D004269 DNA, Bacterial Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of bacteria. Bacterial DNA
D004270 DNA, Circular Any of the covalently closed DNA molecules found in bacteria, many viruses, mitochondria, plastids, and plasmids. Small, polydisperse circular DNA's have also been observed in a number of eukaryotic organisms and are suggested to have homology with chromosomal DNA and the capacity to be inserted into, and excised from, chromosomal DNA. It is a fragment of DNA formed by a process of looping out and deletion, containing a constant region of the mu heavy chain and the 3'-part of the mu switch region. Circular DNA is a normal product of rearrangement among gene segments encoding the variable regions of immunoglobulin light and heavy chains, as well as the T-cell receptor. (Riger et al., Glossary of Genetics, 5th ed & Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992) Circular DNA,Circular DNAs,DNAs, Circular

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