Biomaterial Database

Protein synthesis in the liver of rats injected with cholesteryl 14-methylhexadecanoate. 1972

E Komárková, and J Hradec

1. Rats were injected intraperitoneally with cholesteryl 14-methylhexadecanoate and killed after various intervals of time up to 3 days; ribosomes and cell sap were isolated from their liver tissue. These fractions were tested for their ability to participate in protein synthesis. 2. Protein synthesis in complete systems containing ribosomes, cell sap and all necessary cofactors was significantly enhanced at 12 and 72h after the injection and significantly inhibited at 24h. At early times after injection isolated ribosomes had a slightly enhanced ability to bind nRNA. Peptide-elongation processes (i.e. binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to ribosomes, peptidyl transfer and polyphenylalanine synthesis) showed significant stimulation or inhibition depending on the time after injection of the ester. 3. A correlation was found between the ability of cell sap to stimulate polyphenylalanine synthesis and the relative cholesteryl 14-methylhexadecanoate content in the postmicrosomal supernatant at different time-intervals after administration of the ester. No significant changes were found in its content in the whole liver tissue. 4. Since the injected ester has previously been shown to accumulate in some enzymic fractions, the changes in its relative content may represent a regulatory mechanism modulating the rate of protein synthesis.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008099	Liver	A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances.	Livers
D008297	Male		Males
D010441	Peptide Chain Elongation, Translational	A process of GENETIC TRANSLATION, when an amino acid is transferred from its cognate TRANSFER RNA to the lengthening chain of PEPTIDES.	Chain Elongation, Peptide, Translational,Protein Biosynthesis Elongation,Protein Chain Elongation, Translational,Protein Translation Elongation,Translation Elongation, Genetic,Translation Elongation, Protein,Translational Elongation, Protein,Translational Peptide Chain Elongation,Biosynthesis Elongation, Protein,Elongation, Genetic Translation,Elongation, Protein Biosynthesis,Elongation, Protein Translation,Elongation, Protein Translational,Genetic Translation Elongation,Protein Translational Elongation
D010455	Peptides	Members of the class of compounds composed of AMINO ACIDS joined together by peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids into linear, branched or cyclical structures. OLIGOPEPTIDES are composed of approximately 2-12 amino acids. Polypeptides are composed of approximately 13 or more amino acids. PROTEINS are considered to be larger versions of peptides that can form into complex structures such as ENZYMES and RECEPTORS.	Peptide,Polypeptide,Polypeptides
D010649	Phenylalanine	An essential aromatic amino acid that is a precursor of MELANIN; DOPAMINE; noradrenalin (NOREPINEPHRINE), and THYROXINE.	Endorphenyl,L-Phenylalanine,Phenylalanine, L-Isomer,L-Isomer Phenylalanine,Phenylalanine, L Isomer
D011485	Protein Binding	The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments.	Plasma Protein Binding Capacity,Binding, Protein
D003593	Cytoplasm	The part of a cell that contains the CYTOSOL and small structures excluding the CELL NUCLEUS; MITOCHONDRIA; and large VACUOLES. (Glick, Glossary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 1990)	Protoplasm,Cytoplasms,Protoplasms
D003864	Depression, Chemical	The decrease in a measurable parameter of a PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS, including cellular, microbial, and plant; immunological, cardiovascular, respiratory, reproductive, urinary, digestive, neural, musculoskeletal, ocular, and skin physiological processes; or METABOLIC PROCESS, including enzymatic and other pharmacological processes, by a drug or other chemical.	Chemical Depression,Chemical Depressions,Depressions, Chemical
D005260	Female		Females
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia