Biomaterial Database

Studies on tRNA adaptation, tRNA turnover, precursor tRNA and tRNA gene distribution in Bombyx mori by using two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. 1979

A Chevallier, and J P Garel

Eighteen out of twenty amino acids have been used for identifying tRNAs from the silkworm Bombyx mori L. fractionated on two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. 43 spots out of 53 have been identified. This mapping confirms previous results and brings new answers to some questions on the regulation of tRNA biosynthesis. 1. In addition to quantitative adaptation of tRNAs to the composition of silk proteins (fibroin from the posterior silk gland, sericin from the middle part) and of iso-tRNAs from posterior silk gland to the major codons of fibroin mRNA, we also observe adaptation of tRNA from various tissues to the average amino acid content of proteins from fat body, gut, gonads and carcass of the silkworm. 2. In the silk gland, turnover rates of several tRNA species are similar. The selective accumulation of tRNAs needed for decoding fibroin and sericin mRNAs which takes place during the Vth larval instar, cannot be explained by the occurrence of a preferential degradation of some tRNA species. 3. Under given conditions for incubating silk glands, it is possible to obtain an accumulation of precursor tRNA species, which are enriched in pre-tRNAAla and pre-tRNAGly in the posterior silk gland and pre-tRNASer in the middle part. 4. The distribution of tRNA genes is not random. tRNA genes for glycine, alanine and serine are prominent. Selective transcription of batteries of iso-tRNA genes could explain our data.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D009694	Nucleic Acid Precursors	Use for nucleic acid precursors in general or for which there is no specific heading.	Acid Precursors, Nucleic,Precursors, Nucleic Acid
D002621	Chemistry	A basic science concerned with the composition, structure, and properties of matter; and the reactions that occur between substances and the associated energy exchange.
D004591	Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel	Electrophoresis in which a polyacrylamide gel is used as the diffusion medium.	Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis,SDS-PAGE,Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate-PAGE,Gel Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide,SDS PAGE,Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate PAGE,Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate-PAGEs
D005796	Genes	A category of nucleic acid sequences that function as units of heredity and which code for the basic instructions for the development, reproduction, and maintenance of organisms.	Cistron,Gene,Genetic Materials,Cistrons,Genetic Material,Material, Genetic,Materials, Genetic
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012343	RNA, Transfer	The small RNA molecules, 73-80 nucleotides long, that function during translation (TRANSLATION, GENETIC) to align AMINO ACIDS at the RIBOSOMES in a sequence determined by the mRNA (RNA, MESSENGER). There are about 30 different transfer RNAs. Each recognizes a specific CODON set on the mRNA through its own ANTICODON and as aminoacyl tRNAs (RNA, TRANSFER, AMINO ACYL), each carries a specific amino acid to the ribosome to add to the elongating peptide chains.	Suppressor Transfer RNA,Transfer RNA,tRNA,RNA, Transfer, Suppressor,Transfer RNA, Suppressor,RNA, Suppressor Transfer
D012831	Bombyx	A genus of silkworm MOTHS in the family Bombycidae of the order LEPIDOPTERA. The family contains a single species, Bombyx mori from the Greek for silkworm + mulberry tree (on which it feeds). A native of Asia, it is sometimes reared in this country. It has long been raised for its SILK and after centuries of domestication it probably does not exist in nature. It is used extensively in experimental GENETICS. (From Borror et al., An Introduction to the Study of Insects, 4th ed, p519)	Bombyx mori,Silkmoths,Silkworms,Silkmoth,Silkworm,Bombyx morus,Bombyxs,mori, Bombyx
D014158	Transcription, Genetic	The biosynthesis of RNA carried out on a template of DNA. The biosynthesis of DNA from an RNA template is called REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION.	Genetic Transcription
D055598	Chemical Phenomena	The composition, structure, conformation, and properties of atoms and molecules, and their reaction and interaction processes.	Chemical Concepts,Chemical Processes,Physical Chemistry Concepts,Physical Chemistry Processes,Physicochemical Concepts,Physicochemical Phenomena,Physicochemical Processes,Chemical Phenomenon,Chemical Process,Physical Chemistry Phenomena,Physical Chemistry Process,Physicochemical Phenomenon,Physicochemical Process,Chemical Concept,Chemistry Process, Physical,Chemistry Processes, Physical,Concept, Chemical,Concept, Physical Chemistry,Concept, Physicochemical,Concepts, Chemical,Concepts, Physical Chemistry,Concepts, Physicochemical,Phenomena, Chemical,Phenomena, Physical Chemistry,Phenomena, Physicochemical,Phenomenon, Chemical,Phenomenon, Physicochemical,Physical Chemistry Concept,Physicochemical Concept,Process, Chemical,Process, Physical Chemistry,Process, Physicochemical,Processes, Chemical,Processes, Physical Chemistry,Processes, Physicochemical