Biomaterial Database

[Halothane-pentazocine interaction in dogs (author's transl)]. 1979

N Nishida

It is known that narcotics reduce the alveolar concentration of inhalation anesthetics in man and animals. However the magnitude and duration of narcotic effect on inhalation anesthesia is not known. Accordingly, I determined in dogs the temporal effect of various doses of pentazocine, a commonly used anesthetic adjuvant, on the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of halothane. In addition, I compared plasma pentazocine concentrations in dogs both awake and during halothane anesthesia using an identical intramuscular dose of pentazocine. Intramuscular injection of pentazocine, group II (2.5 mg/kg), group III (5 mg/kg), group IV (10 mg/kg) reduced MAC of halothane required for anesthesia. The magnitude of MAC depression were 19.3% of control halothane MAC in group II, 36.4% of control in group III and 41.7% of control in group IV. Postinjection plasma concentration was fitted by computer with a 2-compartment open pharmacokinetic model. Plasma pentazocine concentration for awake (group I) and anesthetized (group II) dogs given the same dose (2.5 mg/kg) did not differ significantly on biological half-life, total apparent volume of distribution and body clearance. Halothane minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) was correlated to plasma pentazocine concentration (r= -0.60) and cerebrospinal fluid pentazocine concentration (r= -0.74).

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007273	Injections, Intramuscular	Forceful administration into a muscle of liquid medication, nutrient, or other fluid through a hollow needle piercing the muscle and any tissue covering it.	Intramuscular Injections,Injection, Intramuscular,Intramuscular Injection
D010423	Pentazocine	The first mixed agonist-antagonist analgesic to be marketed. It is an agonist at the kappa and sigma opioid receptors and has a weak antagonist action at the mu receptor. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1991, p97)	Fortral,Lexir,Pentazocine Hydrochloride,Pentazocine Lactate,Talwin,Hydrochloride, Pentazocine,Lactate, Pentazocine
D001794	Blood Pressure	PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS.	Systolic Pressure,Diastolic Pressure,Pulse Pressure,Pressure, Blood,Pressure, Diastolic,Pressure, Pulse,Pressure, Systolic,Pressures, Systolic
D004285	Dogs	The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065)	Canis familiaris,Dog
D004347	Drug Interactions	The action of a drug that may affect the activity, metabolism, or toxicity of another drug.	Drug Interaction,Interaction, Drug,Interactions, Drug
D006221	Halothane	A nonflammable, halogenated, hydrocarbon anesthetic that provides relatively rapid induction with little or no excitement. Analgesia may not be adequate. NITROUS OXIDE is often given concomitantly. Because halothane may not produce sufficient muscle relaxation, supplemental neuromuscular blocking agents may be required. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p178)	1,1,1-Trifluoro-2-Chloro-2-Bromoethane,Fluothane,Ftorotan,Narcotan
D000758	Anesthesia	A state characterized by loss of feeling or sensation. This depression of nerve function is usually the result of pharmacologic action and is induced to allow performance of surgery or other painful procedures.
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D013599	Systole	Period of contraction of the HEART, especially of the HEART VENTRICLES.	Systolic Time Interval,Interval, Systolic Time,Intervals, Systolic Time,Systoles,Systolic Time Intervals,Time Interval, Systolic,Time Intervals, Systolic