Biomaterial Database

[Principles of treating facial fractures]. 1979

R Schmoker, and H M Tschopp

The therapy of facial fractures is aimed at an early definitive treatment. Exact repositioning of the fragments is first achieved by setting the right occlusion. Intermaxillary fixation is then performed by interdental arch bars reenforced with acrylic material and intermaxillary rubber bands or wire. The middle third of the face is mainly subjected to static forces. Fractures in this area are therefore set and fixated with interosseous wire ligatures. Craneofacial suspension is carried out by means of a craneofixateur extern. Fractures of the mandible are treated differently. In order to counteract the strong dynamic forces internal fixation is necessary using compression plates in combination with tension bands. Another modality of treatment by a specially designed plate with excentric gliding holes renders the tension bands superfluous since it is capable of applying compression forces also at the dental area. In fractures with osseous defects long plates are used which stabilize the mandibular arch. If the articular prominence is missing these plates may be applied with a capitular end in order to reconstruct the articulation.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007595	Joint Prosthesis	Prostheses used to partially or totally replace a human or animal joint. (from UMDNS, 1999)	Joint Prostheses,Prostheses, Joint,Prosthesis, Joint
D008337	Mandibular Fractures	Fractures of the lower jaw.	Fracture, Mandibular,Fractures, Mandibular,Mandibular Fracture
D001860	Bone Plates	Implantable fracture fixation devices attached to bone fragments with screws to bridge the fracture gap and shield the fracture site from stress as bone heals. (UMDNS, 1999)	Bone Plate,Plate, Bone,Plates, Bone
D005115	Extraoral Traction Appliances	Extraoral devices for applying force to the dentition in order to avoid some of the problems in anchorage control met with in intermaxillary traction and to apply force in directions not otherwise possible.	Chincap, Orthodontic,Face Bow, Orthodontic,Headgear, Orthodontic,Appliance, Extraoral Traction,Appliances, Extraoral Traction,Bow, Orthodontic Face,Bows, Orthodontic Face,Chincaps, Orthodontic,Extraoral Traction Appliance,Face Bows, Orthodontic,Headgears, Orthodontic,Orthodontic Chincap,Orthodontic Chincaps,Orthodontic Face Bow,Orthodontic Face Bows,Orthodontic Headgear,Orthodontic Headgears,Traction Appliance, Extraoral,Traction Appliances, Extraoral
D005147	Facial Bones	The facial skeleton, consisting of bones situated between the cranial base and the mandibular region. While some consider the facial bones to comprise the hyoid (HYOID BONE), palatine (HARD PALATE), and zygomatic (ZYGOMA) bones, MANDIBLE, and MAXILLA, others include also the lacrimal and nasal bones, inferior nasal concha, and vomer but exclude the hyoid bone. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p113)	Bone, Facial,Bones, Facial,Facial Bone
D005592	Fracture Fixation	The use of metallic devices inserted into or through bone to hold a fracture in a set position and alignment while it heals.	Skeletal Fixation,Fracture Reduction,Fixation, Fracture,Fixation, Skeletal,Fixations, Fracture,Fixations, Skeletal,Fracture Fixations,Fracture Reductions,Reduction, Fracture,Reductions, Fracture,Skeletal Fixations
D005593	Fracture Fixation, Internal	The use of internal devices (metal plates, nails, rods, etc.) to hold the position of a fracture in proper alignment.	Osteosynthesis, Fracture,Fixation, Internal Fracture,Fixations, Internal Fracture,Fracture Fixations, Internal,Fracture Osteosyntheses,Fracture Osteosynthesis,Internal Fracture Fixation,Internal Fracture Fixations,Osteosyntheses, Fracture
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D012887	Skull Fractures	Fractures of the skull which may result from penetrating or nonpenetrating head injuries or rarely BONE DISEASES (see also FRACTURES, SPONTANEOUS). Skull fractures may be classified by location (e.g., SKULL FRACTURE, BASILAR), radiographic appearance (e.g., linear), or based upon cranial integrity (e.g., SKULL FRACTURE, DEPRESSED).	Linear Skull Fracture,Skull Fracture, Linear,Skull Fracture, Non-Depressed,Non-Depressed Skull Fracture,Fracture, Non-Depressed Skull,Fracture, Skull,Fractures, Linear Skull,Fractures, Non-Depressed Skull,Fractures, Skull,Linear Skull Fractures,Non Depressed Skull Fracture,Non-Depressed Skull Fractures,Skull Fracture,Skull Fracture, Non Depressed,Skull Fractures, Linear,Skull Fractures, Non-Depressed
D013704	Temporomandibular Joint	An articulation between the condyle of the mandible and the articular tubercle of the temporal bone.	TMJ,Joint, Temporomandibular,Joints, Temporomandibular,Temporomandibular Joints