The basic principle of the method described here is derived from a variant of the oscillation method. A reference impedance is connected to the mouth; between these two an oscillating flow is imposed. As a reference impedance we use a flexible tube, which acts as a virtually pure inductance or inertance. Respiration is hardly impeded. The only measured parameter is the alternating pressure in front of the mouth and this is easily picked up by a simple microphone. In contrast to former direct-display methods, the inertia and elasticity of the respiratory gas and the respiratory tract, i.e., airways including lungs and thorax, are also taken into account for the evaluation. The respiratory resistance is studied as a complex parameters, i.e., as an impedance. With the aid of diagrams or via electronic computation circuitry, the direct and continuous display of all impedance components such as its magnitude and phase, resistance, and reactance is possible. They can be read out as a function of time, respiratory flow, or volume.