Biomaterial Database

Amylase secretion by the perfused cat pancreas in relation to the secretion of calcium and other electrolytes and as influenced by the external ionic environment. 1973

B E Argent, and R M Case, and T Scratcherd

1. Amylase secretion from the perfused pancreas consists of two components: a small continuous basal secretion and a stimulated secretion in response to acetylcholine or cholecystokinin-pancreozymin. The response to small doses of either stimulant was repeatable over several hours.2. The calcium concentration of pancreatic juice, always less than that of the perfusate, was normally constant above secretory rates of 0.15 g/10 min. However, when the concentration of enzymes in the juice rose, either after stimulation or at very low secretory rates, the calcium concentration rose in parallel, suggesting that this calcium is bound to, or is a component of, pancreatic enzymes.3. Elevation of the perfusate calcium concentration resulted in a parallel increase in the calcium concentration of the pancreatic juice.4. Calcium-free solutions initially caused a small reduction in basal and stimulated amylase secretion and, after prolonged periods of perfusion, abolished stimulated secretion and caused a reduction in electrolyte secretion. The latter was completely reversed by calcium-rich perfusates but the effects on enzyme secretion were only partially reversible.5. Calcium-rich perfusates had no effect on the rate of electrolyte secretion but potentiated submaximally stimulated amylase secretion.6. Barium did not substitute for calcium in supporting pancreatic secretion.7. Alterations in the extracellular concentrations of sodium, potassium and magnesium had no direct effect on amylase secretion.8. The local anaesthetic tetracaine inhibited amylase secretion at a lower concentration than that required to inhibit electrolyte secretion.9. It is concluded (a) that calcium is secreted into the pancreatic juice in two fractions, one associated with enzymes and the other with the electrolyte component of the juice; and (b) that calcium ions play an important role in the stimulus-secretion coupling of pancreatic acinar cells, but that the effects of calcium depletion on electrolyte secretion may principally be due to alterations in the permeability of the duct system.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008274	Magnesium	A metallic element that has the atomic symbol Mg, atomic number 12, and atomic weight 24.31. It is important for the activity of many enzymes, especially those involved in OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION.
D008297	Male		Males
D009994	Osmolar Concentration	The concentration of osmotically active particles in solution expressed in terms of osmoles of solute per liter of solution. Osmolality is expressed in terms of osmoles of solute per kilogram of solvent.	Ionic Strength,Osmolality,Osmolarity,Concentration, Osmolar,Concentrations, Osmolar,Ionic Strengths,Osmolalities,Osmolar Concentrations,Osmolarities,Strength, Ionic,Strengths, Ionic
D010179	Pancreas	A nodular organ in the ABDOMEN that contains a mixture of ENDOCRINE GLANDS and EXOCRINE GLANDS. The small endocrine portion consists of the ISLETS OF LANGERHANS secreting a number of hormones into the blood stream. The large exocrine portion (EXOCRINE PANCREAS) is a compound acinar gland that secretes several digestive enzymes into the pancreatic ductal system that empties into the DUODENUM.
D010189	Pancreatic Juice	The fluid containing digestive enzymes secreted by the pancreas in response to food in the duodenum.	Juice, Pancreatic,Juices, Pancreatic,Pancreatic Juices
D011188	Potassium	An element in the alkali group of metals with an atomic symbol K, atomic number 19, and atomic weight 39.10. It is the chief cation in the intracellular fluid of muscle and other cells. Potassium ion is a strong electrolyte that plays a significant role in the regulation of fluid volume and maintenance of the WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE.
D002118	Calcium	A basic element found in nearly all tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes.	Coagulation Factor IV,Factor IV,Blood Coagulation Factor IV,Calcium-40,Calcium 40,Factor IV, Coagulation
D002415	Cats	The domestic cat, Felis catus, of the carnivore family FELIDAE, comprising over 30 different breeds. The domestic cat is descended primarily from the wild cat of Africa and extreme southwestern Asia. Though probably present in towns in Palestine as long ago as 7000 years, actual domestication occurred in Egypt about 4000 years ago. (From Walker's Mammals of the World, 6th ed, p801)	Felis catus,Felis domesticus,Domestic Cats,Felis domestica,Felis sylvestris catus,Cat,Cat, Domestic,Cats, Domestic,Domestic Cat
D002766	Cholecystokinin	A peptide, of about 33 amino acids, secreted by the upper INTESTINAL MUCOSA and also found in the central nervous system. It causes gallbladder contraction, release of pancreatic exocrine (or digestive) enzymes, and affects other gastrointestinal functions. Cholecystokinin may be the mediator of satiety.	Pancreozymin,CCK-33,Cholecystokinin 33,Uropancreozymin
D003864	Depression, Chemical	The decrease in a measurable parameter of a PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS, including cellular, microbial, and plant; immunological, cardiovascular, respiratory, reproductive, urinary, digestive, neural, musculoskeletal, ocular, and skin physiological processes; or METABOLIC PROCESS, including enzymatic and other pharmacological processes, by a drug or other chemical.	Chemical Depression,Chemical Depressions,Depressions, Chemical