Metabolic balances of cadmium, copper, manganese, and zinc in man. 1979

H Spencer, and C R Asmussen, and R B Holtzman, and L Kramer

Balance studies of cadmium, copper, manganese, and zine were carried out under constant dietary conditions in eight adult males during two calcium intake levels of 200 and 800 mg/day and in an additional single case during a calcium intake of 1500 mg/day. The dietary content and the excretions of these elements in urine and stool were determined. The mean dietary content of cadmium was 32.9 micrograms/day, of copper 1020 micrograms/day, of manganese 2130 micrograms/day, and of zinc 12.4 mg/day. The ratio of the fecal/urinary cadmium excretion was approximately 1.5 and the main pathway of excretion of the other three elements was via the intestine, while the urinary excretions were very low. The different trace element balances were either slightly negative or in equilibrium, except that the zinc balances was positive in 50% of the cases. All balances should be considered maximal values, as the losses in sweat were not determined. The calcium intake level had little effect on the excretion and retention of these trace elements.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D008345 Manganese A trace element with atomic symbol Mn, atomic number 25, and atomic weight 54.94. It is concentrated in cell mitochondria, mostly in the pituitary gland, liver, pancreas, kidney, and bone, influences the synthesis of mucopolysaccharides, stimulates hepatic synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids, and is a cofactor in many enzymes, including arginase and alkaline phosphatase in the liver. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual 1992, p2035)
D008875 Middle Aged An adult aged 45 - 64 years. Middle Age
D002104 Cadmium An element with atomic symbol Cd, atomic number 48, and atomic weight 112.41. It is a metal and ingestion will lead to CADMIUM POISONING.
D002118 Calcium A basic element found in nearly all tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes. Coagulation Factor IV,Factor IV,Blood Coagulation Factor IV,Calcium-40,Calcium 40,Factor IV, Coagulation
D003300 Copper A heavy metal trace element with the atomic symbol Cu, atomic number 29, and atomic weight 63.55. Copper-63,Copper 63
D004032 Diet Regular course of eating and drinking adopted by a person or animal. Diets
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000328 Adult A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available. Adults
D000368 Aged A person 65 years of age or older. For a person older than 79 years, AGED, 80 AND OVER is available. Elderly

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