Biomaterial Database

Micellar properties of 3 alpha, 7 alpha, 12 alpha-trihydroxy-5 beta-cholestan-26-oyl taurine and relationship to in vitro red cell disruption. 1979

C M Smith, and G C Williams, and W Krivit, and J G White, and R F Hanson

Patients with a metabolic block in the conversion of THCA to cholic acid develop cirrhosis and hemolysis. Tauro-THCA has been shown to distort hepatic architecture and cause hemolysis in bile-fistula rats. In this study, the critical micellular concentration of tauro-THCA was found to be one fourth of that measured for the primary human bile salt, taurocholate. In short-term incubations with intact red cells, tauro-THCA was more effective than taurocholate in removing red cell membrane lipid, inducing morphological red cell sphering, and decreasing functional cellular membrane surface area. These detergent biological membrane effects were most apparent at a concentration above the critical micellar concentration, with the membrane toxicity of the two bile salts roughly paralleling their differences in critical micellar concentration. The lower critical micellar concentration, greater hydrophobicity, and enhanced surface-active properties of tauro-THCA are speculated on as possible factors contributing to the bile salt's toxicity in vivo.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008563	Membrane Lipids	Lipids, predominantly phospholipids, cholesterol and small amounts of glycolipids found in membranes including cellular and intracellular membranes. These lipids may be arranged in bilayers in the membranes with integral proteins between the layers and peripheral proteins attached to the outside. Membrane lipids are required for active transport, several enzymatic activities and membrane formation.	Cell Membrane Lipid,Cell Membrane Lipids,Membrane Lipid,Lipid, Cell Membrane,Lipid, Membrane,Lipids, Cell Membrane,Lipids, Membrane,Membrane Lipid, Cell,Membrane Lipids, Cell
D008854	Microscopy, Electron	Microscopy using an electron beam, instead of light, to visualize the sample, thereby allowing much greater magnification. The interactions of ELECTRONS with specimens are used to provide information about the fine structure of that specimen. In TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY the reactions of the electrons that are transmitted through the specimen are imaged. In SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY an electron beam falls at a non-normal angle on the specimen and the image is derived from the reactions occurring above the plane of the specimen.	Electron Microscopy
D004305	Dose-Response Relationship, Drug	The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.	Dose Response Relationship, Drug,Dose-Response Relationships, Drug,Drug Dose-Response Relationship,Drug Dose-Response Relationships,Relationship, Drug Dose-Response,Relationships, Drug Dose-Response
D004910	Erythrocyte Membrane	The semi-permeable outer structure of a red blood cell. It is known as a red cell 'ghost' after HEMOLYSIS.	Erythrocyte Ghost,Red Cell Cytoskeleton,Red Cell Ghost,Erythrocyte Cytoskeleton,Cytoskeleton, Erythrocyte,Cytoskeleton, Red Cell,Erythrocyte Cytoskeletons,Erythrocyte Ghosts,Erythrocyte Membranes,Ghost, Erythrocyte,Ghost, Red Cell,Membrane, Erythrocyte,Red Cell Cytoskeletons,Red Cell Ghosts
D004912	Erythrocytes	Red blood cells. Mature erythrocytes are non-nucleated, biconcave disks containing HEMOGLOBIN whose function is to transport OXYGEN.	Blood Cells, Red,Blood Corpuscles, Red,Red Blood Cells,Red Blood Corpuscles,Blood Cell, Red,Blood Corpuscle, Red,Erythrocyte,Red Blood Cell,Red Blood Corpuscle
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001647	Bile Acids and Salts	Steroid acids and salts. The primary bile acids are derived from cholesterol in the liver and usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. The secondary bile acids are further modified by bacteria in the intestine. They play an important role in the digestion and absorption of fat. They have also been used pharmacologically, especially in the treatment of gallstones.	Bile Acid,Bile Salt,Bile Salts,Bile Acids,Acid, Bile,Acids, Bile,Salt, Bile,Salts, Bile
D013656	Taurocholic Acid	The product of conjugation of cholic acid with taurine. Its sodium salt is the chief ingredient of the bile of carnivorous animals. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is used as a cholagogue and cholerectic.	Cholyltaurine,Taurine Cholate,Taurocholate,Sodium Taurocholate,Taurocholate Sodium,Taurocholic Acid, (5 alpha)-Isomer,Taurocholic Acid, (7 beta)-Isomer,Taurocholic Acid, Monolithium Salt,Taurocholic Acid, Monosodium Salt,Taurocholate, Sodium