No association was found between bacteriuria and Schistosoma haematobium infection in the Malumfashi area, and no male had a confirmed significant bacteriuria. The overall bacteriuria prevalence rate in a separate group of schoolgirls was 0.96%, while in females over the age of 20 it was 1.37%; there was an estimated prevalence of 3.2% in women over the age of 30. These figures for females agree with those from populations which have no experience of bilharzia. No urinary S. typhi carriers were found. The lack of association between urinary bacterial infection and schistosomiasis probably reflects the low intensity of S. haematobium infection in the Malumfashi area of northern Nigeria.