Biomaterial Database

Acute effects of acetaldehyde and ethanol on rat heart mitochondria. 1979

L D Segel, and D T Mason

The effects of acute exposure of rat heart mitochondria to ethanol (87, 65, and 45 mM) and acetaldehyde (3, 1, and 0.3 mM) were studied using both glutamate and pyruvate/malate substrates. Mitochondria assayed with pyruvate/malate substrate showed no apparent effects of acute exposure to or 30 min preincubation with ethanol at the three concentrations tested. With glutamate substrate, acute ethanol at 87 and 65 mM produced significant decreases in respiratory control ratio (RCR). With 65 and 45 mM acute ethanol, mitochondrial oxygen consumption (QO2) was significantly decreased. Acute acetaldehyde significantly decreased RCR and QO2 of mitochondria tested with both substrates. The depressive effect was more pronounced with pyruvate/malate substrate than with glutamate substrate. With pyruvate/malate substrate, the ADP/O ratio was also decreased with 3 and 1 mM acetaldehyde. Preincubation with acetaldehyde had no effect on mitochondrial function except for significantly decreased RCR after preincubation with 3 mM acetaldehyde followed by assay with glutamate substrate. The data indicate a depressant effect of acetaldehyde and ethanol on cardiac mitochondria that may contribute to abnormal cardiac biochemistry and function characteristic of alcoholic cardiomyopathy.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008293	Malates	Derivatives of malic acid (the structural formula: (COO-)2CH2CHOH), including its salts and esters.
D008297	Male		Males
D008929	Mitochondria, Heart	The mitochondria of the myocardium.	Heart Mitochondria,Myocardial Mitochondria,Mitochondrion, Heart,Heart Mitochondrion,Mitochondria, Myocardial
D010101	Oxygen Consumption	The rate at which oxygen is used by a tissue; microliters of oxygen STPD used per milligram of tissue per hour; the rate at which oxygen enters the blood from alveolar gas, equal in the steady state to the consumption of oxygen by tissue metabolism throughout the body. (Stedman, 25th ed, p346)	Consumption, Oxygen,Consumptions, Oxygen,Oxygen Consumptions
D011773	Pyruvates	Derivatives of PYRUVIC ACID, including its salts and esters.
D005971	Glutamates	Derivatives of GLUTAMIC ACID. Included under this heading are a broad variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that contain the 2-aminopentanedioic acid structure.	Glutamic Acid Derivatives,Glutamic Acids,Glutaminic Acids
D000079	Acetaldehyde	A colorless, flammable liquid used in the manufacture of acetic acid, perfumes, and flavors. It is also an intermediate in the metabolism of alcohol. It has a general narcotic action and also causes irritation of mucous membranes. Large doses may cause death from respiratory paralysis.	Ethanal
D000244	Adenosine Diphosphate	Adenosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate). An adenine nucleotide containing two phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety at the 5'-position.	ADP,Adenosine Pyrophosphate,Magnesium ADP,MgADP,Adenosine 5'-Pyrophosphate,5'-Pyrophosphate, Adenosine,ADP, Magnesium,Adenosine 5' Pyrophosphate,Diphosphate, Adenosine,Pyrophosphate, Adenosine
D000431	Ethanol	A clear, colorless liquid rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and distributed throughout the body. It has bactericidal activity and is used often as a topical disinfectant. It is widely used as a solvent and preservative in pharmaceutical preparations as well as serving as the primary ingredient in ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES.	Alcohol, Ethyl,Absolute Alcohol,Grain Alcohol,Alcohol, Absolute,Alcohol, Grain,Ethyl Alcohol
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia