The author analyzes 55 cases of different injuries of the small intestine (malignant and benign tumors, ulcers, Crohn's disease, infiltrate, congenital anomaly). The author believes that both tumors and inflammatory processes are usually of small size, which together with anatomo-topographic features of the small intestine, make the cases highly operable. However, an advanced state of the main process and its complications are responsible for high lethality. At the same time, the knowledge of the clinical picture of the disease and purposeful investigation of the small intestine by rentgenological and endoscopic methods will ensure earlier diagnosis of the disease.