Biomaterial Database

Proteins of normal hair and of cystine-deficient hair from mentally retarded siblings. 1971

R J Pollitt, and P D Stonier

1. S-Carboxymethylkerateines extracted from normal hair can be fractionated into high-sulphur and low-sulphur proteins similar to those obtained from sheep's wool. Normal human hair gives a major high-sulphur protein of higher molecular weight and S-carboxymethylcysteine content than any isolated from normal sheep's wool. 2. The proteins from cystine-deficient hair can also be divided into high-sulphur and low-sulphur proteins. There is a lower proportion of high-sulphur protein in cystine-deficient hair than in normal hair. 3. The high-sulphur proteins from cystine-deficient hair have an abnormal amino acid composition and in particular are lower in S-carboxymethylcysteine content than the corresponding proteins from normal hair. New components are present and the content of very high-sulphur proteins of high molecular weight is much decreased. The low-sulphur proteins of cystine-deficient hair are probably also deficient in S-carboxymethylcysteine. 4. The proteins of cystine-deficient hair probably resemble those in the normal hair root, except that disulphide-bridge formation has occurred.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007525	Isoelectric Focusing	Electrophoresis in which a pH gradient is established in a gel medium and proteins migrate until they reach the site (or focus) at which the pH is equal to their isoelectric point.	Electrofocusing,Focusing, Isoelectric
D008607	Intellectual Disability	Subnormal intellectual functioning which originates during the developmental period. This has multiple potential etiologies, including genetic defects and perinatal insults. Intelligence quotient (IQ) scores are commonly used to determine whether an individual has an intellectual disability. IQ scores between 70 and 79 are in the borderline range. Scores below 67 are in the disabled range. (from Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1992, Ch55, p28)	Disability, Intellectual,Idiocy,Mental Retardation,Retardation, Mental,Deficiency, Mental,Intellectual Development Disorder,Mental Deficiency,Mental Retardation, Psychosocial,Deficiencies, Mental,Development Disorder, Intellectual,Development Disorders, Intellectual,Disabilities, Intellectual,Disorder, Intellectual Development,Disorders, Intellectual Development,Intellectual Development Disorders,Intellectual Disabilities,Mental Deficiencies,Mental Retardations, Psychosocial,Psychosocial Mental Retardation,Psychosocial Mental Retardations,Retardation, Psychosocial Mental,Retardations, Psychosocial Mental
D008970	Molecular Weight	The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule.	Molecular Weights,Weight, Molecular,Weights, Molecular
D009905	Optical Rotatory Dispersion	The method of measuring the dispersion of an optically active molecule to determine the relative magnitude of right- or left-handed components and sometimes structural features of the molecule.	Dispersion, Optical Rotatory,Rotatory Dispersion, Optical
D011506	Proteins	Linear POLYPEPTIDES that are synthesized on RIBOSOMES and may be further modified, crosslinked, cleaved, or assembled into complex proteins with several subunits. The specific sequence of AMINO ACIDS determines the shape the polypeptide will take, during PROTEIN FOLDING, and the function of the protein.	Gene Products, Protein,Gene Proteins,Protein,Protein Gene Products,Proteins, Gene
D002848	Chromatography, DEAE-Cellulose	A type of ion exchange chromatography using diethylaminoethyl cellulose (DEAE-CELLULOSE) as a positively charged resin. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)	DEAE-Cellulose Chromatography,Chromatography, DEAE Cellulose,DEAE Cellulose Chromatography
D003553	Cystine	A covalently linked dimeric nonessential amino acid formed by the oxidation of CYSTEINE. Two molecules of cysteine are joined together by a disulfide bridge to form cystine.	Copper Cystinate,L-Cystine,L Cystine
D004586	Electrophoresis	An electrochemical process in which macromolecules or colloidal particles with a net electric charge migrate in a solution under the influence of an electric current.	Electrophoreses
D005260	Female		Females
D005782	Gels	Colloids with a solid continuous phase and liquid as the dispersed phase; gels may be unstable when, due to temperature or other cause, the solid phase liquefies; the resulting colloid is called a sol.