The primary prevention of the carcinoma of the stomach promises little success in near future. Therefore the effort is directed to early recognition and healing (secondary prevention). The optimum method for this is the combination of X-ray-examination, gastroscopy and aimed biopsy. But also by early diagnosis and therapy in the invasive carcinoma the chances of survival are to be improved. At present only 5-6% of the patients with gastric carcinoma survive longer than 5 years. The author adopts a definite attitude to the groups with risk of carcinoma. The search for further factors of persons endangered by carcinoma (habit of nutrition, kind of constitution and preparation of food, other exogenous factors) must be continued intensively in order to get selected groups which may be controlled consequently.