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The origin of smooth muscles in the skin of bird embryos has been analyzed in heterospecific quail/chick recombinants. The somitic mesoderm of the wing level of 2-day chick embryos was replaced by homotopic or heterotopic somitic mesoderm from quail embryos. The cellular constitution of tissues was observed in twelve recombinant embryos at 17 or 18 days of incubation. Results show that feather smooth muscles and vascular smooth muscles have the same origin as the cutaneous mesenchyme in which they differentiate. They are of somatopleural origin in the wing integument and of somitic (dermatomal) origin in the dorsal integument. This study further reveals that the muscular and connective tissue wall of blood vessels does not have the same embryonic origin as the endothelium. It is suggested that the latter originates from the primitive aorta.
M Kieny, and
A Mauger, and
A Chevallier, and
P Sengel
November 1977,
Kokyu to junkan. Respiration & circulation,
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January 1975,
Nihon Hinyokika Gakkai zasshi. The japanese journal of urology,
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January 1977,
Tanpakushitsu kakusan koso. Protein, nucleic acid, enzyme,
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Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde,
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August 1979,
DTW. Deutsche tierarztliche Wochenschrift,
M Kieny, and
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Zhongguo yao li xue bao = Acta pharmacologica Sinica,
M Kieny, and
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Revista medica de Chile,
M Kieny, and
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March 1982,
Therapeutische Umschau. Revue therapeutique,
M Kieny, and
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P Sengel
February 1982,
Dermatologische Monatschrift,
