An attempt has been made to illustrate several findings on the ageing process which is different for the two sexes. During our investigations we got the impression that even the tiniest cells of males and females are different from the chemical, structural and functional point of view and that men and women must, therefore, also exhibit different pathological developments. Men are ill in a different way from women (Bürger). With the onset of the menopause, the sexually different biomorphosis disappears which was always demonstrable in earlier periods of life. This fact can best be demonstrated by analyzing cardiovascular diseases.