Biomaterial Database

Electromyographic biofeedback: behavioral treatment of neuromuscular disorders. 1978

F J Keefe, and R S Surwit

Electromyographic biofeedback is becoming widely used to help patients regain voluntary control of specific muscles affected by neuromuscular disorders. Electromyographic feedback training has been employed in the rehabilitation of patients affected by poliomyelitis, cerebrovascular accident, torticollis, nerve injury, temporomandibular joint syndrome, bruxism, and other disorders. While EMG biofeedback appears to be a promising treatment technique, the research literature on its effectiveness consists mainly of uncontrolled case reports and clinical trials. It is concluded that new studies with more sophisticated design and more careful control are needed to demonstrate that EMG biofeedback makes a unique contribution to the treatment of neuromuscular disorders. Research is needed to identify relevant patients characteristics predictive of success, specify appropriate muscle groups for the treatment of particular disorders, determine how feedback can be most efficiently combined with more conventional techniques in achieving a therapeutic effect, and establish meaningful criteria of success in the treatment of neuromuscular disorders.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D009468	Neuromuscular Diseases	A general term encompassing lower MOTOR NEURON DISEASE; PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; and certain MUSCULAR DISEASES. Manifestations include MUSCLE WEAKNESS; FASCICULATION; muscle ATROPHY; SPASM; MYOKYMIA; MUSCLE HYPERTONIA, myalgias, and MUSCLE HYPOTONIA.	Amyotonia Congenita,Oppenheim Disease,Cramp-Fasciculation Syndrome,Fasciculation-Cramp Syndrome, Benign,Foley-Denny-Brown Syndrome,Oppenheim's Disease,Benign Fasciculation-Cramp Syndrome,Benign Fasciculation-Cramp Syndromes,Cramp Fasciculation Syndrome,Cramp-Fasciculation Syndromes,Fasciculation Cramp Syndrome, Benign,Fasciculation-Cramp Syndromes, Benign,Foley Denny Brown Syndrome,Neuromuscular Disease,Oppenheims Disease,Syndrome, Cramp-Fasciculation,Syndrome, Foley-Denny-Brown,Syndromes, Cramp-Fasciculation
D010043	Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care	Evaluation procedures that focus on both the outcome or status (OUTCOMES ASSESSMENT) of the patient at the end of an episode of care - presence of symptoms, level of activity, and mortality; and the process (ASSESSMENT, PROCESS) - what is done for the patient diagnostically and therapeutically.	Outcome and Process Assessment (Health Care),Donabedian Model,Donabedian Triad,Outcome and Process Assessment,Structure Process Outcome Triad,Model, Donabedian,Triad, Donabedian
D011051	Poliomyelitis	An acute infectious disease of humans, particularly children, caused by any of three serotypes of human poliovirus (POLIOVIRUS). Usually the infection is limited to the gastrointestinal tract and nasopharynx, and is often asymptomatic. The central nervous system, primarily the spinal cord, may be affected, leading to rapidly progressive paralysis, coarse FASCICULATION and hyporeflexia. Motor neurons are primarily affected. Encephalitis may also occur. The virus replicates in the nervous system, and may cause significant neuronal loss, most notably in the spinal cord. A rare related condition, nonpoliovirus poliomyelitis, may result from infections with nonpoliovirus enteroviruses. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp764-5)	Infantile Paralysis,Polio,Poliomyelitis, Nonpoliovirus,Poliomyelitis, Preparalytic,Encephalitis, Polio,Epidemic Acute Poliomyelitis,Polio Encephalitis,Poliomyelitis Infection,Poliomyelitis, Acute,Acute Poliomyelitis,Acute Poliomyelitis, Epidemic,Infection, Poliomyelitis,Infections, Poliomyelitis,Nonpoliovirus Poliomyelitis,Paralysis, Infantile,Poliomyelitides, Preparalytic,Poliomyelitis Infections,Poliomyelitis, Epidemic Acute,Polios,Preparalytic Poliomyelitis
D002012	Bruxism	A disorder characterized by grinding and clenching of the teeth.	Bruxomania,Teeth Grinding Disorder,Disorder, Teeth Grinding,Grinding Disorder, Teeth,Teeth Grinding Disorders
D002544	Cerebral Infarction	The formation of an area of NECROSIS in the CEREBRUM caused by an insufficiency of arterial or venous blood flow. Infarcts of the cerebrum are generally classified by hemisphere (i.e., left vs. right), lobe (e.g., frontal lobe infarction), arterial distribution (e.g., INFARCTION, ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY), and etiology (e.g., embolic infarction).	Anterior Choroidal Artery Infarction,Cerebral Infarct,Infarction, Cerebral,Posterior Choroidal Artery Infarction,Subcortical Infarction,Cerebral Infarction, Left Hemisphere,Cerebral Infarction, Right Hemisphere,Cerebral, Left Hemisphere, Infarction,Cerebral, Right Hemisphere, Infarction,Infarction, Cerebral, Left Hemisphere,Infarction, Cerebral, Right Hemisphere,Infarction, Left Hemisphere, Cerebral,Infarction, Right Hemisphere, Cerebral,Left Hemisphere, Cerebral Infarction,Left Hemisphere, Infarction, Cerebral,Right Hemisphere, Cerebral Infarction,Right Hemisphere, Infarction, Cerebral,Cerebral Infarctions,Cerebral Infarcts,Infarct, Cerebral,Infarction, Subcortical,Infarctions, Cerebral,Infarctions, Subcortical,Infarcts, Cerebral,Subcortical Infarctions
D004576	Electromyography	Recording of the changes in electric potential of muscle by means of surface or needle electrodes.	Electromyogram,Surface Electromyography,Electromyograms,Electromyographies,Electromyographies, Surface,Electromyography, Surface,Surface Electromyographies
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D001521	Behavior Therapy	The application of modern theories of learning and conditioning in the treatment of behavior disorders.	Behavior Change Techniques,Behavior Modification,Behavior Treatment,Conditioning Therapy,Therapy, Behavior,Therapy, Conditioning,Behavior Change Technique,Behavior Modifications,Behavior Therapies,Conditioning Therapies,Modification, Behavior,Technique, Behavior Change,Treatment, Behavior
D001676	Biofeedback, Psychology	The therapy technique of providing the status of one's own AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM function (e.g., skin temperature, heartbeats, brain waves) as visual or auditory feedback in order to self-control related conditions (e.g., hypertension, migraine headaches).	Biofeedback (Psychology),Bogus Physiological Feedback,False Physiological Feedback,Feedback, Psychophysiologic,Biofeedback,Feedback, Psychophysiological,Myofeedback,Psychophysiologic Feedback,Biofeedbacks,Biofeedbacks (Psychology),Biofeedbacks, Psychology,Bogus Physiological Feedbacks,False Physiological Feedbacks,Feedback, Bogus Physiological,Feedback, False Physiological,Feedbacks, Bogus Physiological,Feedbacks, False Physiological,Myofeedbacks,Physiological Feedback, Bogus,Physiological Feedback, False,Physiological Feedbacks, Bogus,Physiological Feedbacks, False,Psychology Biofeedback,Psychology Biofeedbacks
D013706	Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Syndrome	A symptom complex consisting of pain, muscle tenderness, clicking in the joint, and limitation or alteration of mandibular movement. The symptoms are subjective and manifested primarily in the masticatory muscles rather than the temporomandibular joint itself. Etiologic factors are uncertain but include occlusal dysharmony and psychophysiologic factors.	Myofascial Pain Dysfunction Syndrome, Temporomandibular Joint,TMJ Syndrome,Temporomandibular Joint Syndrome,Costen's Syndrome,Costen Syndrome,Costens Syndrome,Joint Syndrome, Temporomandibular,Syndrome, Costen's,Syndrome, TMJ,Syndrome, Temporomandibular Joint