Biomaterial Database

The permeability of aconitine-modified sodium channels to univalent cations in myelinated nerve. 1977

G N Mozhayeva, and A P Naumov, and Y A Negulyaev, and E D Nosyreva

1. Ionic currents through the sodium system of nodes of Ranvier treated with aconitine were measured under voltage clamp conditions in a Ringer solution containing Na+ or an equimolar amount of various test cations. 2. Average shifts in reversal potentials in nodes of Ranvier treated with aconitine with NH4+, Li+, K+, Rb+, Cs+ in place of Na+ in the Ringer solution are 7.6, --6.8, --25.0, --41.0 and --51.5 mV at 13--14degrees C. At 20--22degrees C the sequence of shifts is 7.5, --5.5, --13.5, --29.0 and --41.0 mV. For Tl+ the the average reversal potential shift is +3 mV at 20--22degrees C. 3. The slope of the instantaneous current-voltage relation at the reversal potential in nodes treated with aconitine changed with the various cations tested. The ratios are NH4+/Na+/K+/Rb+/Cs+/Li+ = 1.14 : 1.0 : 0.80 :0.67 :0.53 : 0.53. 4. Using a three energy barrier model some of the parameters for the aconitine-modified Na+ channels were estimated (Chizmadgev, Yu. A., Khodorov, B.I. and Aityan, S.Kh. (1974) Bioelectrochem. Bioenerg. 1, 301--312).

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008094	Lithium	An element in the alkali metals family. It has the atomic symbol Li, atomic number 3, and atomic weight [6.938; 6.997]. Salts of lithium are used in treating BIPOLAR DISORDER.	Lithium-7,Lithium 7
D011199	Potentiometry	Solution titration in which the end point is read from the electrode-potential variations with the concentrations of potential determining ions. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
D011898	Ranidae	The family of true frogs of the order Anura. The family occurs worldwide except in Antarctica.	Frogs, True,Rana,Frog, True,True Frog,True Frogs
D011901	Ranvier's Nodes	Regularly spaced gaps in the myelin sheaths of peripheral axons. Ranvier's nodes allow saltatory conduction, that is, jumping of impulses from node to node, which is faster and more energetically favorable than continuous conduction.	Nodes of Ranvier,Nodes, Ranvier's,Ranvier Nodes,Ranviers Nodes
D002414	Cations, Monovalent	Positively charged atoms, radicals or group of atoms with a valence of plus 1, which travel to the cathode or negative pole during electrolysis.	Monovalent Cation,Cation, Monovalent,Monovalent Cations
D002586	Cesium	A member of the alkali metals. It has an atomic symbol Cs, atomic number 55, and atomic weight 132.91. Cesium has many industrial applications, including the construction of atomic clocks based on its atomic vibrational frequency.	Caesium,Caesium-133,Cesium-133,Caesium 133,Cesium 133
D000157	Aconitine	A C19 norditerpenoid alkaloid (DITERPENES) from the root of ACONITUM; DELPHINIUM and larkspurs. It activates VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS. It has been used to induce ARRHYTHMIAS in experimental animals and it has anti-inflammatory and anti-neuralgic properties.	Acetylbenzoylaconine,Aconitane-3,8,13,14,15-pentol, 20-ethyl-1,6,16-trimethoxy-4-(methoxymethyl)-, 8-acetate 14-benzoate, (1alpha,3alpha,6alpha,14alpha,15alpha,16beta)-,Acetylbenzoyl-aconine,Acetylbenzoyl aconine
D000644	Quaternary Ammonium Compounds	Derivatives of ammonium compounds, NH4+ Y-, in which all four of the hydrogens bonded to nitrogen have been replaced with hydrocarbyl groups. These are distinguished from IMINES which are RN	Quaternary Ammonium Compound,Ammonium Compound, Quaternary,Ammonium Compounds, Quaternary,Compound, Quaternary Ammonium
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001001	Anura	An order of the class Amphibia, which includes several families of frogs and toads. They are characterized by well developed hind limbs adapted for jumping, fused head and trunk and webbed toes. The term "toad" is ambiguous and is properly applied only to the family Bufonidae.	Bombina,Frogs and Toads,Salientia,Toad, Fire-Bellied,Toads and Frogs,Anuras,Fire-Bellied Toad,Fire-Bellied Toads,Salientias,Toad, Fire Bellied,Toads, Fire-Bellied