Using modified microinfusion and free flow micropuncture techniques in the same intact and acutely thyroparathyroidectomized (TPTX) Munich-Wistar rats the nephron sites for phosphate reabsorption were reinvestigated. In intact animals, 62% of filtered phosphate was reabsorbed in the proximal tubule but none in the loop of Henle, here defined as the nephron segment between the last accessible proximal and the first distal convolution. Delivery of phosphate to the superficial distal tubule significantly exceeded urinary phosphate excretion but no phosphate reabsorption could be detected in the terminal nephron by distal microinfusions of radioactively labelled phosphate (32P). In TPTX rats, proximal phosphate reabsorption was enhanced and there was marked phosphate reabsorption in the loop of Henle. Similarly, 32P microinfused in the late proximal tubule was almost completely reabsorbed. Again, no phosphate tracer outflux was detected after distal microinfusion. It is concluded that phosphate reabsorption is confined to the proximal tubule and the loop of Henle.