Biomaterial Database

[Mycoplasma synoviae control. I. Studies on the thermal sensitivity of pathogenic avian mycoplasmas (Mycoplasma synoviae, Mycoplasma gallisepicum and Mycoplasma meleagridis)]. 1978

E Goren

A number of experiments were carried out to study the thermal sensitivity of Mycoplasma synoviae and Mycoplasma gallisepticum as well as that of young embryos in vitro and in ovo. A full mycoplasmacidal effect was attained after heating in bouillon cultures for six hours at 45 degrees C (including cultures of Mycoplasma meleagridis), for two and a half hours at 50 degrees C, for ninety minutes at 52 degrees C and for thirty minutes at 55 degrees C. Yoder's method of heating to control these mycoplasmas in hatching eggs was found to be inadequate. When inoculated eggs were heated for ten hours at 45 degrees C, mycoplasmas could no longer be isolated; however, this had a highly adverse effect on the proportion of eggs hatched (33 and 50 percent for hen's eggs and turkey eggs respectively). Mycoplasma synoviae was slightly more sensitive to heating than Mycoplasma gallisepticum, whereas Mycoplasma meleagridis showed more resistance than Mycoplasma gallisepticum. After heating, atypical colonies constantly appeared on the primary plates and conversion of glucose was delayed in the cultures. Isolation by SPF embryos was found to be a more sensitive method than isolation using artificial culture media only. When fresh incubated eggs were heated for ten hours at 45 degrees C, for two and a half hours at 46 degrees C or for thirty minutes at 47 degrees C, fifty percent of embryos died, whereas one hundred per cent died after heating for sixty minutes at 47 degrees C. Thermal treatment of hatching eggs to eliminate Mycoplasma synoviae, Mycoplasma gallisepticum and Mycoplasma meleagridis is unsuitable for use in poultry practice.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008722	Methods	A series of steps taken in order to conduct research.	Techniques,Methodological Studies,Methodological Study,Procedures,Studies, Methodological,Study, Methodological,Method,Procedure,Technique
D009174	Mycoplasma	A genus of gram-negative, mostly facultatively anaerobic bacteria in the family MYCOPLASMATACEAE. The cells are bounded by a PLASMA MEMBRANE and lack a true CELL WALL. Its organisms are pathogens found on the MUCOUS MEMBRANES of humans, ANIMALS, and BIRDS.	Eperythrozoon,Haemobartonella,Mycoplasma putrefaciens,PPLO,Pleuropneumonia-Like Organisms,Pleuropneumonia Like Organisms
D009175	Mycoplasma Infections	Infections with species of the genus MYCOPLASMA.	Eperythrozoonosis,Infections, Mycoplasma,Eperythrozoonoses,Infection, Mycoplasma,Mycoplasma Infection
D010063	Ovum	A mature haploid female germ cell extruded from the OVARY at OVULATION.	Egg,Egg, Unfertilized,Ova,Eggs, Unfertilized,Unfertilized Egg,Unfertilized Eggs
D011201	Poultry Diseases	Diseases of birds which are raised as a source of meat or eggs for human consumption and are usually found in barnyards, hatcheries, etc. The concept is differentiated from BIRD DISEASES which is for diseases of birds not considered poultry and usually found in zoos, parks, and the wild.	Disease, Poultry,Diseases, Poultry,Poultry Disease
D002642	Chick Embryo	The developmental entity of a fertilized chicken egg (ZYGOTE). The developmental process begins about 24 h before the egg is laid at the BLASTODISC, a small whitish spot on the surface of the EGG YOLK. After 21 days of incubation, the embryo is fully developed before hatching.	Embryo, Chick,Chick Embryos,Embryos, Chick
D005260	Female		Females
D006358	Hot Temperature	Presence of warmth or heat or a temperature notably higher than an accustomed norm.	Heat,Hot Temperatures,Temperature, Hot,Temperatures, Hot
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D013997	Time Factors	Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.	Time Series,Factor, Time,Time Factor