Biomaterial Database

Inhibition of behavioral effects of cocaine by actinomycin D in rats. 1979

A K Bhattacharyya, and S N Pradhan

Interactions of actinomycin D (AD, 25 micrograms--50 micrograms/kg intraperitoneally, i.p., or 1 microgram intracerebroventricularly, i.c.v.) with repeated cocaine administration (15 mg/kg i.p. twice daily at 8-hr intervals) were investigated on the spontaneous motor activity (SMA) and stereotypy (ST) in rats. Following repeated injections of cocaine in combination with saline (i.p. or i.c.v.), both SMA and ST were gradually increased to their peaks on day 9, then decreased up to the day 19 and thereafter maintained at higher than normal levels. Given along with cocaine or saline, AD (i.p. or i.c.v.) caused gradual and significant decreases of SMA and ST. On stopping AD (i.p. on day 5 and i.c.v. on day 9) injection, both SMA and ST increased again. After stopping its i.c.v. injection both behaviors were increased to their peaks on day 10, then gradually decreased to and maintained at slightly higher than normal levels on day 18 onwards. The possible mechanisms of actions of AD as an inhibitor of cocaine-induced behavioral effects have been discussed.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D009043	Motor Activity	Body movements of a human or an animal as a behavioral phenomenon.	Activities, Motor,Activity, Motor,Motor Activities
D003042	Cocaine	An alkaloid ester extracted from the leaves of plants including coca. It is a local anesthetic and vasoconstrictor and is clinically used for that purpose, particularly in the eye, ear, nose, and throat. It also has powerful central nervous system effects similar to the amphetamines and is a drug of abuse. Cocaine, like amphetamines, acts by multiple mechanisms on brain catecholaminergic neurons; the mechanism of its reinforcing effects is thought to involve inhibition of dopamine uptake.	Cocaine HCl,Cocaine Hydrochloride,HCl, Cocaine,Hydrochloride, Cocaine
D003609	Dactinomycin	A compound composed of a two CYCLIC PEPTIDES attached to a phenoxazine that is derived from STREPTOMYCES parvullus. It binds to DNA and inhibits RNA synthesis (transcription), with chain elongation more sensitive than initiation, termination, or release. As a result of impaired mRNA production, protein synthesis also declines after dactinomycin therapy. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1993, p2015)	Actinomycin,Actinomycin D,Meractinomycin,Cosmegen,Cosmegen Lyovac,Lyovac-Cosmegen,Lyovac Cosmegen,Lyovac, Cosmegen,LyovacCosmegen
D005106	Exploratory Behavior	The tendency to explore or investigate a novel environment. It is considered a motivation not clearly distinguishable from curiosity.	Curiosity,Novelty-Seeking Behavior,Behavior, Exploratory,Behavior, Novelty-Seeking,Behaviors, Exploratory,Behaviors, Novelty-Seeking,Curiosities,Exploratory Behaviors,Novelty Seeking Behavior,Novelty-Seeking Behaviors
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001522	Behavior, Animal	The observable response an animal makes to any situation.	Autotomy Animal,Animal Behavior,Animal Behaviors
D013239	Stereotyped Behavior	Relatively invariant mode of behavior elicited or determined by a particular situation; may be verbal, postural, or expressive.	Behavior, Stereotyped,Behaviors, Stereotyped,Stereotyped Behaviors
D013997	Time Factors	Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.	Time Series,Factor, Time,Time Factor