Biomaterial Database

Restoration of lung pressure-volume characteristics with surfactant: comparison of nebulization versus instillation and natural versus synthetic surfactant. 1977

M Ikegami, and T Hesterberg, and M Nozaki, and F H Adams

The pressure-volume (PV) characteristics of 21 adult rat lungs were examined before and after lung washing after which natural or synthetic (dipalmitoyl lecithin (DPL)) surfactant was administered by either an ultrasonic nebulizer or instilled directly into the trachea. Lungs receiving surfactant by nebulization were ventilated at a rate of 40/min at 20 cm H2O peak inspiratory pressure and with 7 cm H2O positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) for 2 hr. Lungs receiving surfactant by instillation were ventilated for 5 min in a fashion similar to the nebulization study; then a final PV curve was obtained. Results from the deflation limb of the PV curves at 5 and 10 cm H2O were analyzed and expressed as a percentage of the original total lung capacity obtained at 30 cm H2O (percentage of TLC). The control values of percentage of TLC were 52.8 +/- 6.4 at 5 cm H2O and 73.9 +/- 3.9 at 10 cm H2O. Neither nebulization nor instillation of DPL produced a significant increase in percentage of TLC. Nebulization of natural surfactant produced only a slight increase in percentage of TLC from 4.8 +/- 2,4 to 6.7 +/- 2.1 (not significant) at 5 cm H2O and from 21.1 +/- 6.1 to 27.8 +/- 5.4 (P less than 0.05) at 10 cm H2O. Instillation of natural surfactant produced a very striking increase of percentage of TLC from 13.2 +/- 8.0 to 55.6 +/- 4.3 (P less than 0.01) at 5 cm H2O and from 47.9 +/- 6.1 to78.6 +/- 4.2 (P less than 0.01) at 10 cm H2O.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008168	Lung	Either of the pair of organs occupying the cavity of the thorax that effect the aeration of the blood.	Lungs
D008297	Male		Males
D011663	Pulmonary Surfactants	Substances and drugs that lower the SURFACE TENSION of the mucoid layer lining the PULMONARY ALVEOLI.	Surfactants, Pulmonary,Pulmonary Surfactant,Surfactant, Pulmonary
D000336	Aerosols	Colloids with a gaseous dispersing phase and either liquid (fog) or solid (smoke) dispersed phase; used in fumigation or in inhalation therapy; may contain propellant agents.	Aerosol
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D014109	Total Lung Capacity	The volume of air contained in the lungs at the end of a maximal inspiration. It is the equivalent to each of the following sums: VITAL CAPACITY plus RESIDUAL VOLUME; INSPIRATORY CAPACITY plus FUNCTIONAL RESIDUAL CAPACITY; TIDAL VOLUME plus INSPIRATORY RESERVE VOLUME plus functional residual capacity; or tidal volume plus inspiratory reserve volume plus EXPIRATORY RESERVE VOLUME plus residual volume.	Lung Capacity, Total,Capacities, Total Lung,Capacity, Total Lung,Lung Capacities, Total,Total Lung Capacities
D051381	Rats	The common name for the genus Rattus.	Rattus,Rats, Laboratory,Rats, Norway,Rattus norvegicus,Laboratory Rat,Laboratory Rats,Norway Rat,Norway Rats,Rat,Rat, Laboratory,Rat, Norway,norvegicus, Rattus
D066298	In Vitro Techniques	Methods to study reactions or processes taking place in an artificial environment outside the living organism.	In Vitro Test,In Vitro Testing,In Vitro Tests,In Vitro as Topic,In Vitro,In Vitro Technique,In Vitro Testings,Technique, In Vitro,Techniques, In Vitro,Test, In Vitro,Testing, In Vitro,Testings, In Vitro,Tests, In Vitro,Vitro Testing, In