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The endothelial surface of isolated rabbit corneas were perfused for three hours with varying concentrations of benzalkonium chloride and cetylpyridinium chloride. The threshold for physiological and ultrastructural alteration of corneal endothelium is approximately 0.0001% for benzalkonium chloride and 0.01 mM for cetylpyridinium chloride. The effects of the surfactants can be induced with as little as a 15-minute exposure without subsequent recovery. Use of ophthalmic medications or irrigating solutions containing these agents inside the eye is potentially hazardous to the corneal endothelium. Topical administration of 0.133% benzalkonium chloride to the anterior surface of deepithelialized in vivo corneas (five doses, seven minutes apart) caused no alterations of corneal endothelial cell function or ultrastructure.
K Green, and
D S Hull, and
E D Vaughn, and
A A Malizia, and
K Bowman
October 2009,
Current opinion in allergy and clinical immunology,
K Green, and
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E D Vaughn, and
A A Malizia, and
K Bowman
November 1988,
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K Green, and
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E D Vaughn, and
A A Malizia, and
K Bowman
July 1974,
American journal of ophthalmology,
K Green, and
D S Hull, and
E D Vaughn, and
A A Malizia, and
K Bowman
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A A Malizia, and
K Bowman
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K Green, and
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E D Vaughn, and
A A Malizia, and
K Bowman
March 1955,
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K Green, and
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E D Vaughn, and
A A Malizia, and
K Bowman
November 2011,
Expert opinion on drug delivery,
K Green, and
D S Hull, and
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A A Malizia, and
K Bowman
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Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia,
K Green, and
D S Hull, and
E D Vaughn, and
A A Malizia, and
K Bowman
February 1986,
Acta ophthalmologica,
K Green, and
D S Hull, and
E D Vaughn, and
A A Malizia, and
K Bowman
January 1997,
Annales pharmaceutiques francaises,
