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[Mechanism of the prophylactic effect of adaptation to altitude hypoxia on the development of hypertension]. 1977

F Z Meerson, and N A Barbarash, and Iu P Shorpin

It was shown in experiments on 200 albino rats that prolonged adaptation to the periodical effect of hypoxia in an altitude chamber always resulted in partial atrophy of the adrenal glomerular zone and decrease in the synthesis of mineralocorticoids in the adrenals and in their concentration in blood. At the same time, the size of the supraoptic hypothalamic nuclei and their cytogically determined activity diminished. These structurally fixed adaptational changes in the hormonal control caused a stable decrease in the reseves of sodium and water in the organism of the adapted animals. This complex of shifts is contrary to the changes developing in all forms of experimental hypertension and in hypertensive disease in humans. The idea is discussed that inhibition of mineralocorticoid and ACTH secretion and the stable decrease in the sodium and water reserves in the organism during adaptation play the principal role in the mechanism of the preventive effect of adaption to altitude hypoxia in hypertension.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D006973 Hypertension Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more. Blood Pressure, High,Blood Pressures, High,High Blood Pressure,High Blood Pressures
D008297 Male Males
D008901 Mineralocorticoids A group of CORTICOSTEROIDS primarily associated with water and electrolyte balance. This is accomplished through the effect on ION TRANSPORT in renal tubules, resulting in retention of sodium and loss of potassium. Mineralocorticoid secretion is itself regulated by PLASMA VOLUME, serum potassium, and ANGIOTENSIN II. Mineralocorticoid,Mineralocorticoid Effect,Mineralocorticoid Effects,Effect, Mineralocorticoid,Effects, Mineralocorticoid
D004231 Diuresis An increase in the excretion of URINE. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed) Diureses
D004326 Drinking The consumption of liquids. Water Consumption,Water Intake,Drinkings
D000222 Adaptation, Physiological The non-genetic biological changes of an organism in response to challenges in its ENVIRONMENT. Adaptation, Physiologic,Adaptations, Physiologic,Adaptations, Physiological,Adaptive Plasticity,Phenotypic Plasticity,Physiological Adaptation,Physiologic Adaptation,Physiologic Adaptations,Physiological Adaptations,Plasticity, Adaptive,Plasticity, Phenotypic
D000302 Adrenal Cortex The outer layer of the adrenal gland. It is derived from MESODERM and comprised of three zones (outer ZONA GLOMERULOSA, middle ZONA FASCICULATA, and inner ZONA RETICULARIS) with each producing various steroids preferentially, such as ALDOSTERONE; HYDROCORTISONE; DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE; and ANDROSTENEDIONE. Adrenal cortex function is regulated by pituitary ADRENOCORTICOTROPIN. Cortex, Adrenal
D000531 Altitude A vertical distance measured from a known level on the surface of a planet or other celestial body. Altitudes
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000860 Hypoxia Sub-optimal OXYGEN levels in the ambient air of living organisms. Anoxia,Oxygen Deficiency,Anoxemia,Deficiency, Oxygen,Hypoxemia,Deficiencies, Oxygen,Oxygen Deficiencies

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