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Metabolism of propionate by sheep-liver mitochondria. Effects of alpha-oxoglutarate, adenosine triphosphate, sodium chloride and potassium chloride. 1967

R M Smith, and G R Russell

1. A study has been made of the effects of ATP and alpha-oxoglutarate on the rate of metabolism of propionate by whole mitochondria from sheep liver, and by mitochondria disrupted with ultrasonic energy or by freezing and thawing. Whole mitochondria metabolized propionate aerobically; the rate was increased and stabilized by 0.5mm-ATP, and increased at least a further 50% by 1.67mm-alpha-oxoglutarate. 2. Anaerobically, externally added ATP at high concentrations permitted slow consumption of propionate. 3. In the presence of 1.3mm-ATP, but in the absence of alpha-oxoglutarate, there was no significant lag phase in the removal of propionate by whole mitochondria, and the rate declined at concentrations below 2mm. In the additional presence of 1.67mm-alpha-oxoglutarate or -glutamate, propionate was removed at linear rates until the residual propionate concentration was about 0.1mm. 4. Maximum rates of metabolism of propionate by whole mitochondria with 1.3mm-ATP occurred with alkali-metal chloride concentrations of 65-95mm and with K(+)/Na(+) ratios 5-10, both in the presence and absence of alpha-oxoglutarate. 5. With disrupted mitochondria stimulatory effects of alpha-oxoglutarate were obtained only aerobically, only with propionate and not propionyl-CoA as substrate, and only when sufficient mitochondrial structure remained to permit unsupplemented metabolism of propionate to occur. 6. In the presence of ATP and CoA, disrupted mitochondria fixed [2-(14)C]propionate at a rate adequate to explain the rate with whole mitochondria stimulated with ATP and alpha-oxoglutarate. 7. With both whole and partially disrupted mitochondria in the absence of ATP, the rate of metabolism of propionate was inhibited by about 80% by 3.3mm-AMP. The inhibition was partly overcome by alpha-oxoglutarate plus CoA. 8. It is concluded that the ultimate effect of alpha-oxoglutarate was to increase the rate of supply of ATP within the mitochondria. Reasons are given why it is premature to conclude that the extra ATP arose entirely from the oxidation of alpha-oxoglutarate itself.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007700 Kinetics The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
D008099 Liver A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances. Livers
D008928 Mitochondria Semiautonomous, self-reproducing organelles that occur in the cytoplasm of all cells of most, but not all, eukaryotes. Each mitochondrion is surrounded by a double limiting membrane. The inner membrane is highly invaginated, and its projections are called cristae. Mitochondria are the sites of the reactions of oxidative phosphorylation, which result in the formation of ATP. They contain distinctive RIBOSOMES, transfer RNAs (RNA, TRANSFER); AMINO ACYL T RNA SYNTHETASES; and elongation and termination factors. Mitochondria depend upon genes within the nucleus of the cells in which they reside for many essential messenger RNAs (RNA, MESSENGER). Mitochondria are believed to have arisen from aerobic bacteria that established a symbiotic relationship with primitive protoeukaryotes. (King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed) Mitochondrial Contraction,Mitochondrion,Contraction, Mitochondrial,Contractions, Mitochondrial,Mitochondrial Contractions
D010070 Oxalates Derivatives of OXALIC ACID. Included under this heading are a broad variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that are derived from the ethanedioic acid structure. Oxalate,Ethanedioic Acids,Oxalic Acids,Acids, Ethanedioic,Acids, Oxalic
D011189 Potassium Chloride A white crystal or crystalline powder used in BUFFERS; FERTILIZERS; and EXPLOSIVES. It can be used to replenish ELECTROLYTES and restore WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE in treating HYPOKALEMIA. Slow-K,Chloride, Potassium
D011422 Propionates Derivatives of propionic acid. Included under this heading are a broad variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that contain the carboxyethane structure. Propanoate,Propanoic Acid,Propionate,Propanoates,Propanoic Acid Derivatives,Propanoic Acids,Propionic Acid Derivatives,Propionic Acids,Acid, Propanoic,Acids, Propanoic,Acids, Propionic,Derivatives, Propanoic Acid,Derivatives, Propionic Acid
D011773 Pyruvates Derivatives of PYRUVIC ACID, including its salts and esters.
D002247 Carbon Isotopes Stable carbon atoms that have the same atomic number as the element carbon but differ in atomic weight. C-13 is a stable carbon isotope. Carbon Isotope,Isotope, Carbon,Isotopes, Carbon
D005260 Female Females
D005615 Freezing Liquids transforming into solids by the removal of heat. Melting

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