Biomaterial Database

Effect of various treatments on toxicity of inhaled vinylidene chloride. 1977

R D Short, and J M Winston, and J L Minor, and J Seifter, and C C Lee

The toxicity of vinylidene chloride (VDC) was studied in mice and rats exposed to various concentrations of the vapors for 23 hr/day. In addition, the ability of various treatments to alter parameters of toxicity was evaluated. Mice were more sensitive than rats both to the acute lethal and hepatotoxic effects of VDC. Disulfiram treatment reduced the acute lethal and hepatotoxic effects of inhaled VDC and reduced the levels of covalent bound radioactivity in the liver and kidney after the intraperitoneal administration of 14C-VDC. Treatment with diethyldithiocarbamate and thiram also protected mice from the acute lethal effects of VDC.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007928	Lethal Dose 50	The dose amount of poisonous or toxic substance or dose of ionizing radiation required to kill 50% of the tested population.	LD50,Dose 50, Lethal
D008099	Liver	A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances.	Livers
D008297	Male		Males
D010643	Phenoxybenzamine	An alpha-adrenergic antagonist with long duration of action. It has been used to treat hypertension and as a peripheral vasodilator.	Dibenylene,Dibenyline,Dibenziran,Dibenzylin,Dibenzyline,Dibenzyran,Phenoxybenzamine Hydrochloride,Hydrochloride, Phenoxybenzamine
D011335	Proadifen	An inhibitor of drug metabolism and CYTOCHROME P-450 ENZYME SYSTEM activity.	Propyladiphenin,Diethylaminoethyldiphenylpropyl Acetate,Proadifen Hydrochloride,SK&F-525-A,SK-525A,SKF-525-A,SKF-525A,Acetate, Diethylaminoethyldiphenylpropyl,Hydrochloride, Proadifen,SK 525A,SK&F 525 A,SK&F525A,SK525A,SKF 525 A,SKF525A
D004000	Dichloroethylenes	Toxic chlorinated unsaturated hydrocarbons. Include both the 1,1- and 1,2-dichloro isomers. Both isomers are toxic, but 1,1-dichloroethylene is the more potent CNS depressant and hepatotoxin. It is used in the manufacture of thermoplastic polymers.	Vinylidene Chlorides,Chlorides, Vinylidene
D004112	Dimercaprol	An anti-gas warfare agent that is effective against Lewisite (dichloro(2-chlorovinyl)arsine) and formerly known as British Anti-Lewisite or BAL. It acts as a chelating agent and is used in the treatment of arsenic, gold, and other heavy metal poisoning.	2,3-Dimercaptopropanol,2,3-Dithiopropan-1-o1,B.A.L.,BAL in Oil,British Anti-Lewisite,British Anti-Lewisite Agent,Cadmium 2,3-Dimercaptopropanol,Dicaptol,2,3 Dimercaptopropanol,2,3 Dithiopropan 1 o1,2,3-Dimercaptopropanol, Cadmium,Anti-Lewisite Agent, British,Anti-Lewisite, British,British Anti Lewisite,British Anti Lewisite Agent,Cadmium 2,3 Dimercaptopropanol,Oil, BAL in,in Oil, BAL
D004221	Disulfiram	A carbamate derivative used as an alcohol deterrent. It is a relatively nontoxic substance when administered alone, but markedly alters the intermediary metabolism of alcohol. When alcohol is ingested after administration of disulfiram, blood acetaldehyde concentrations are increased, followed by flushing, systemic vasodilation, respiratory difficulties, nausea, hypotension, and other symptoms (acetaldehyde syndrome). It acts by inhibiting aldehyde dehydrogenase.	Tetraethylthiuram Disulfide,Alcophobin,Antabus,Antabuse,Anticol,Bis(diethylthiocarbamoyl) Disulfide,Dicupral,Esperal,Tetraethylthioperoxydicarbonic Diamide, ((H2N)C(S))2S2,Teturam,Disulfide, Tetraethylthiuram
D004781	Environmental Exposure	The exposure to potentially harmful chemical, physical, or biological agents in the environment or to environmental factors that may include ionizing radiation, pathogenic organisms, or toxic chemicals.	Exposure, Environmental,Environmental Exposures,Exposures, Environmental
D005260	Female		Females