Clinical pharmacokinetics of ergotamine, dihydroergotamine, ergotoxine, bromocriptine, methysergide, and lergotrile. 1983

J Kanto

The clinical pharmacokinetics of ergotamine, dihydroergotamine, ergotoxine, bromocriptine, methysergide, and lergotrile are reviewed. Generally the new radioimmunoassay methods have partially resolved the problems involved in determining some of these ergot derivatives in biologic fluids after the low doses used clinically. However, our present knowledge of their pharmacokinetics is limited and much work remains to be done in this area. Many cases show a great difference between results produced with a radioactive drug and with radioimmunoassay. The longer half-lives measured by using a radioactive derivative are apparently due to the many metabolites of ergot alkaloids. However, we still do not know the clinical importance of these metabolites. For instance, the amount of dihydroergotamine reaching the systemic circulation remains below 1% (radioimmunoassay), but according to studies performed with a radioactive derivative the absorption quotient is about 30%. Further studies are needed to resolve the problem of an apparently high "first-pas" metabolism of this and other ergot alkaloids in the liver or gastrointestinal mucosa.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007700 Kinetics The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
D008784 Methysergide An ergot derivative that is a congener of LYSERGIC ACID DIETHYLAMIDE. It antagonizes the effects of serotonin in blood vessels and gastrointestinal smooth muscle, but has few of the properties of other ergot alkaloids. Methysergide is used prophylactically in migraine and other vascular headaches and to antagonize serotonin in the carcinoid syndrome. Dimethylergometrin,Methylmethylergonovine,Deseril,Desril,Désernil-Sandoz,Methysergide Dimaleate,Methysergide Maleate,Sansert,UML-491,Dimaleate, Methysergide,Désernil Sandoz,Maleate, Methysergide,UML 491,UML491
D001971 Bromocriptine A semisynthetic ergotamine alkaloid that is a dopamine D2 agonist. It suppresses prolactin secretion. 2-Bromoergocryptine,Bromocryptin,2-Bromo-alpha-ergocryptine,2-Bromo-alpha-ergokryptine,2-Bromoergocryptine Mesylate,2-Bromoergocryptine Methanesulfonate,2-Bromoergokryptine,Bromocriptin,Bromocriptine Mesylate,CB-154,Parlodel,2 Bromo alpha ergocryptine,2 Bromo alpha ergokryptine,2 Bromoergocryptine,2 Bromoergocryptine Mesylate,2 Bromoergocryptine Methanesulfonate,2 Bromoergokryptine,CB 154,CB154,Mesylate, 2-Bromoergocryptine,Mesylate, Bromocriptine,Methanesulfonate, 2-Bromoergocryptine
D004087 Dihydroergotamine A 9,10alpha-dihydro derivative of ERGOTAMINE. It is used as a vasoconstrictor, specifically for the therapy of MIGRAINE DISORDERS. Agit,Angionorm,Clavigrenin,D-Tamin Retard L.U.T.,D.H.E. 45,DET MS,DHE-45,DHE-Puren,DHE-Ratiopharm,Dihydergot,Dihydroergotamin AL,Dihydroergotamine Mesylate,Dihydroergotamine Methanesulfonate,Dihydroergotamine-Sandoz,Dihytamin,Erganton,Ergomimet,Ergont,Ergotam Von Ct,Ikaran,Migranal,Orstanorm,Seglor,Tamik,Verladyn,D Tamin Retard L.U.T.,DHE 45,DHE Puren,DHE Ratiopharm,DHE45,Dihydroergotamine Sandoz,Mesylate, Dihydroergotamine,Methanesulfonate, Dihydroergotamine,Von Ct, Ergotam
D004873 Ergolines A series of structurally-related alkaloids that contain the ergoline backbone structure. Ergoline
D004876 Ergot Alkaloids Alkaloids originally isolated from the ergot fungus Claviceps purpurea (Hypocreaceae). They include compounds that are structurally related to ergoline (ERGOLINES) and ergotamine (ERGOTAMINES). Many of the ergot alkaloids act as alpha-adrenergic antagonists. Clavine Alkaloids,Alkaloids, Clavine,Alkaloids, Ergot
D004878 Ergotamine A vasoconstrictor found in ergot of Central Europe. It is a serotonin agonist that has been used as an oxytocic agent and in the treatment of MIGRAINE DISORDERS. Ergotamine Tartrate,Cornutamine,Ergo Sanol,Ergo-Kranit,Ergodryl Mono,Ergomar,Ergostat,Ergotamine Tartrate (2:1),Ergotaminine,Gynergen,Lingraine,Ergo Kranit,Mono, Ergodryl,Tartrate, Ergotamine
D006207 Half-Life The time it takes for a substance (drug, radioactive nuclide, or other) to lose half of its pharmacologic, physiologic, or radiologic activity. Halflife,Half Life,Half-Lifes,Halflifes
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000042 Absorption The physical or physiological processes by which substances, tissue, cells, etc. take up or take in other substances or energy.

Related Publications

J Kanto
January 1952, Ceskoslovenska farmacie,
J Kanto
February 2003, Current pain and headache reports,
J Kanto
January 2001, Current medical research and opinion,
J Kanto
June 1990, Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine,
J Kanto
July 1957, Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association. American Pharmaceutical Association,
J Kanto
March 1974, The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics,
Copied contents to your clipboard!