Biomaterial Database

Neurohumorally induced cardiac dysrhythmias during nitrous oxide-oxygen-thiopental anesthesia. 1983

A G Tolas, and A E Pflug, and J B Halter

Barbiturate, nitrous oxide, and oxygen are commonly used by the oral and maxillofacial surgeon to anesthetize the ambulatory oral surgery patient. The authors report three cases of ventricular dysrhythmia occurring from surgical stimulation during nitrous oxide-oxygen-thiopental anesthesia. These dysrhythmias were most likely mediated via direct neural stimulation of cardiac sympathetic nerves. Concomitant with adrenergic stimulation, a rise in the arterial plasma norepinephrine level was documented, along with an increase in the rate-pressure product. Immediate recognition and treatment of ventricular dysrhythmia is mandatory to preclude further serious cardiovascular complications or death.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D009609	Nitrous Oxide	Nitrogen oxide (N2O). A colorless, odorless gas that is used as an anesthetic and analgesic. High concentrations cause a narcotic effect and may replace oxygen, causing death by asphyxia. It is also used as a food aerosol in the preparation of whipping cream.	Laughing Gas,Nitrogen Protoxide,Gas, Laughing,Oxide, Nitrous
D010100	Oxygen	An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration.	Dioxygen,Oxygen-16,Oxygen 16
D006329	Heart Conduction System	An impulse-conducting system composed of modified cardiac muscle, having the power of spontaneous rhythmicity and conduction more highly developed than the rest of the heart.	Conduction System, Heart,Conduction Systems, Heart,Heart Conduction Systems,System, Heart Conduction,Systems, Heart Conduction
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000766	Anesthesia, Dental	A range of methods used to reduce pain and anxiety during dental procedures.	Dental Anesthesia
D000768	Anesthesia, General	Procedure in which patients are induced into an unconscious state through use of various medications so that they do not feel pain during surgery.	Anesthesias, General,General Anesthesia,General Anesthesias
D001145	Arrhythmias, Cardiac	Any disturbances of the normal rhythmic beating of the heart or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. Cardiac arrhythmias can be classified by the abnormalities in HEART RATE, disorders of electrical impulse generation, or impulse conduction.	Arrhythmia,Arrythmia,Cardiac Arrhythmia,Cardiac Arrhythmias,Cardiac Dysrhythmia,Arrhythmia, Cardiac,Dysrhythmia, Cardiac
D013564	Sympathetic Nervous System	The thoracolumbar division of the autonomic nervous system. Sympathetic preganglionic fibers originate in neurons of the intermediolateral column of the spinal cord and project to the paravertebral and prevertebral ganglia, which in turn project to target organs. The sympathetic nervous system mediates the body's response to stressful situations, i.e., the fight or flight reactions. It often acts reciprocally to the parasympathetic system.	Nervous System, Sympathetic,Nervous Systems, Sympathetic,Sympathetic Nervous Systems,System, Sympathetic Nervous,Systems, Sympathetic Nervous
D013874	Thiopental	A barbiturate that is administered intravenously for the induction of general anesthesia or for the production of complete anesthesia of short duration.	Penthiobarbital,Thiomebumal,Thiopentobarbital,Bomathal,Nesdonal,Pentothal,Pentothal Sodico,Sodipental,Thionembutal,Thiopental Nycomed,Thiopental Sodium,Thiopentone,Tiobarbital Braun,Trapanal
D018377	Neurotransmitter Agents	Substances used for their pharmacological actions on any aspect of neurotransmitter systems. Neurotransmitter agents include agonists, antagonists, degradation inhibitors, uptake inhibitors, depleters, precursors, and modulators of receptor function.	Nerve Transmitter Substance,Neurohormone,Neurohumor,Neurotransmitter Agent,Nerve Transmitter Substances,Neurohormones,Neurohumors,Neuromodulator,Neuromodulators,Neuroregulator,Neuroregulators,Neurotransmitter,Neurotransmitters,Substances, Nerve Transmitter,Transmitter Substances, Nerve,Substance, Nerve Transmitter,Transmitter Substance, Nerve