Biomaterial Database

The presynaptic regulation of noradrenaline release differs in mesenteric arteries of the rabbit and guinea-pig. 1984

H Kuriyama, and Y Makita

Prejunctional control mechanisms of neuromuscular transmission in mesenteric arteries of the guinea-pig and rabbit were compared by examining excitatory junction potentials (e.j.p.s). The various agents used did not modify the membrane potential or resistance of smooth muscle cells of either tissue at the concentrations used in the present experiments. In the rabbit mesenteric artery, 10(-7) M-phentolamine and yohimbine had almost no effect on the amplitude of e.j.p.s or on facilitation. In the guinea-pig mesenteric artery, phentolamine enlarged and yohimbine reduced the amplitude of the first e.j.p. but both agents markedly enlarged the amplitude of e.j.p.s evoked by repetitive perivascular nerve stimulation at frequencies over 0.1 Hz. In the rabbit mesenteric artery, isoprenaline and dibutyryl cyclic AMP inhibited the e.j.p.s and the facilitation evoked by repetitive stimulation, while in the guniea-pig mesenteric artery, isoprenaline enhanced the amplitude of e.j.p.s and the facilitation process. In the rabbit mesenteric artery, ATP inhibited the amplitude of e.j.p.s with no change in facilitation and adenosine inhibited mainly the facilitation process evoked by repetitive perivascular nerve stimulation. In the guinea-pig mesenteric artery, these agents had no effect on e.j.p.s or facilitation. In both the rabbit and guinea-pig, indomethacin enlarged the amplitude and prolonged the duration of e.j.p.s. Prostaglandin E2 and F2 alpha inhibited the amplitude of e.j.p.s. Enlarged amplitudes of the e.j.p.s following pre-treatment with indomethacin were inhibited by treatment with PGE2 or ATP. In the rabbit mesenteric artery, 8-phenyltheophylline (an antagonist of P1 subtype of purinergic receptor) had no effect on the e.j.p.s, but these agents did reverse the inhibitory action of 2-chloroadenosine (an agonist of P1 subtype of purinergic receptor) or adenosine on facilitation of e.j.p.s. Theophylline did not have any direct effect on e.j.p.s nor did it reverse the effects of adenosine or 2-chloroadenosine. In the rabbit mesenteric artery, ATP and adenyl-imidophosphate showed much the same potency in inhibiting the amplitude of e.j.p.s. Therefore, the ATP action on nerve terminals is not due to a high energy requiring mechanism. From these results we conclude that the control mechanisms related to noradrenaline (NA) release in nerve terminals differ in the guinea-pig and rabbit mesenteric arteries.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007213	Indomethacin	A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) that inhibits CYCLOOXYGENASE, which is necessary for the formation of PROSTAGLANDINS and other AUTACOIDS. It also inhibits the motility of POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES.	Amuno,Indocid,Indocin,Indomet 140,Indometacin,Indomethacin Hydrochloride,Metindol,Osmosin
D007545	Isoproterenol	Isopropyl analog of EPINEPHRINE; beta-sympathomimetic that acts on the heart, bronchi, skeletal muscle, alimentary tract, etc. It is used mainly as bronchodilator and heart stimulant.	Isoprenaline,Isopropylarterenol,4-(1-Hydroxy-2-((1-methylethyl)amino)ethyl)-1,2-benzenediol,Euspiran,Isadrin,Isadrine,Isopropyl Noradrenaline,Isopropylnoradrenaline,Isopropylnorepinephrine,Isoproterenol Hydrochloride,Isoproterenol Sulfate,Isuprel,Izadrin,Norisodrine,Novodrin,Hydrochloride, Isoproterenol,Noradrenaline, Isopropyl,Sulfate, Isoproterenol
D008297	Male		Males
D008564	Membrane Potentials	The voltage differences across a membrane. For cellular membranes they are computed by subtracting the voltage measured outside the membrane from the voltage measured inside the membrane. They result from differences of inside versus outside concentration of potassium, sodium, chloride, and other ions across cells' or ORGANELLES membranes. For excitable cells, the resting membrane potentials range between -30 and -100 millivolts. Physical, chemical, or electrical stimuli can make a membrane potential more negative (hyperpolarization), or less negative (depolarization).	Resting Potentials,Transmembrane Potentials,Delta Psi,Resting Membrane Potential,Transmembrane Electrical Potential Difference,Transmembrane Potential Difference,Difference, Transmembrane Potential,Differences, Transmembrane Potential,Membrane Potential,Membrane Potential, Resting,Membrane Potentials, Resting,Potential Difference, Transmembrane,Potential Differences, Transmembrane,Potential, Membrane,Potential, Resting,Potential, Transmembrane,Potentials, Membrane,Potentials, Resting,Potentials, Transmembrane,Resting Membrane Potentials,Resting Potential,Transmembrane Potential,Transmembrane Potential Differences
D008638	Mesenteric Arteries	Arteries which arise from the abdominal aorta and distribute to most of the intestines.	Arteries, Mesenteric,Artery, Mesenteric,Mesenteric Artery
D009131	Muscle, Smooth, Vascular	The nonstriated involuntary muscle tissue of blood vessels.	Vascular Smooth Muscle,Muscle, Vascular Smooth,Muscles, Vascular Smooth,Smooth Muscle, Vascular,Smooth Muscles, Vascular,Vascular Smooth Muscles
D009435	Synaptic Transmission	The communication from a NEURON to a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) across a SYNAPSE. In chemical synaptic transmission, the presynaptic neuron releases a NEUROTRANSMITTER that diffuses across the synaptic cleft and binds to specific synaptic receptors, activating them. The activated receptors modulate specific ion channels and/or second-messenger systems in the postsynaptic cell. In electrical synaptic transmission, electrical signals are communicated as an ionic current flow across ELECTRICAL SYNAPSES.	Neural Transmission,Neurotransmission,Transmission, Neural,Transmission, Synaptic
D009469	Neuromuscular Junction	The synapse between a neuron and a muscle.	Myoneural Junction,Nerve-Muscle Preparation,Junction, Myoneural,Junction, Neuromuscular,Junctions, Myoneural,Junctions, Neuromuscular,Myoneural Junctions,Nerve Muscle Preparation,Nerve-Muscle Preparations,Neuromuscular Junctions,Preparation, Nerve-Muscle,Preparations, Nerve-Muscle
D009638	Norepinephrine	Precursor of epinephrine that is secreted by the ADRENAL MEDULLA and is a widespread central and autonomic neurotransmitter. Norepinephrine is the principal transmitter of most postganglionic sympathetic fibers, and of the diffuse projection system in the brain that arises from the LOCUS CERULEUS. It is also found in plants and is used pharmacologically as a sympathomimetic.	Levarterenol,Levonorepinephrine,Noradrenaline,Arterenol,Levonor,Levophed,Levophed Bitartrate,Noradrenaline Bitartrate,Noradrénaline tartrate renaudin,Norepinephrin d-Tartrate (1:1),Norepinephrine Bitartrate,Norepinephrine Hydrochloride,Norepinephrine Hydrochloride, (+)-Isomer,Norepinephrine Hydrochloride, (+,-)-Isomer,Norepinephrine d-Tartrate (1:1),Norepinephrine l-Tartrate (1:1),Norepinephrine l-Tartrate (1:1), (+,-)-Isomer,Norepinephrine l-Tartrate (1:1), Monohydrate,Norepinephrine l-Tartrate (1:1), Monohydrate, (+)-Isomer,Norepinephrine l-Tartrate (1:2),Norepinephrine l-Tartrate, (+)-Isomer,Norepinephrine, (+)-Isomer,Norepinephrine, (+,-)-Isomer
D011453	Prostaglandins	A group of compounds derived from unsaturated 20-carbon fatty acids, primarily arachidonic acid, via the cyclooxygenase pathway. They are extremely potent mediators of a diverse group of physiological processes.	Prostaglandin,Prostanoid,Prostanoids