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Our present knowledge of the health effects of diesel exhaust particles can be summarized as follows: 1. Diesel exhaust particles are very small in size and consist of a carbonaceous core with a myriad of adsorbed hydrocarbon compounds that are readily extracted with organic solvents. 2. The particle extracts are cytotoxic and mutagenic in in vitro bacterial and mammalian cell cultures. 3. The particle extracts area carcinogenic when painted on mouse skin along with a suitable promoter. 4. Inhaled particles readily deposit in the respiratory tract, a portion is rapidly cleared and a substantial portion is retained for long periods of time (over 100 days) in the lung. 5. Adsorbed hydrocarbon compounds slowly dissociate from the particles in biological media and presumably in the lung. 6. Detoxification mechanisms act on the hydrocarbon compounds released from the particles to minimize effects in in vitro systems and presumably in vivo.
R O McClellan, and
A L Brooks, and
R G Cuddihy, and
R K Jones, and
J L Mauderly, and
R K Wolff
January 2007,
Inhalation toxicology,
R O McClellan, and
A L Brooks, and
R G Cuddihy, and
R K Jones, and
J L Mauderly, and
R K Wolff
January 2022,
Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD,
R O McClellan, and
A L Brooks, and
R G Cuddihy, and
R K Jones, and
J L Mauderly, and
R K Wolff
February 2009,
Zhonghua er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of pediatrics,
R O McClellan, and
A L Brooks, and
R G Cuddihy, and
R K Jones, and
J L Mauderly, and
R K Wolff
January 2004,
Environmental sciences : an international journal of environmental physiology and toxicology,
R O McClellan, and
A L Brooks, and
R G Cuddihy, and
R K Jones, and
J L Mauderly, and
R K Wolff
April 1984,
Applied optics,
R O McClellan, and
A L Brooks, and
R G Cuddihy, and
R K Jones, and
J L Mauderly, and
R K Wolff
March 1997,
Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology,
R O McClellan, and
A L Brooks, and
R G Cuddihy, and
R K Jones, and
J L Mauderly, and
R K Wolff
March 2012,
Current opinion in pulmonary medicine,
R O McClellan, and
A L Brooks, and
R G Cuddihy, and
R K Jones, and
J L Mauderly, and
R K Wolff
July 2010,
Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology,
R O McClellan, and
A L Brooks, and
R G Cuddihy, and
R K Jones, and
J L Mauderly, and
R K Wolff
December 1997,
Experimental and toxicologic pathology : official journal of the Gesellschaft fur Toxikologische Pathologie,
R O McClellan, and
A L Brooks, and
R G Cuddihy, and
R K Jones, and
J L Mauderly, and
R K Wolff
November 2017,
British journal of pharmacology,
