Biomaterial Database

Gas-liquid chromatographic determination of nicotine and cotinine in plasma. 1978

N Hengen, and M Hengen

We report a procedure for determining nicotine and cotinine in plasma. Nicotine is extracted from 1 ml of plasma with diethyl ether, back extracted, and analyzed by gas-liquid chromatography with a nitrogen/phosphorus detector. Nicotine and its internal standard, modaline, had retention times of 1.9 and 2.9 min, respectively. Cotinine is then extracted from the same plasma with dichloromethane and similarly analyzed. Cotinine and its internal standard, lidocaine, had retention times of 3.8 and 4.9 min. Day-to-day reproducibilities (CV) within 14% for nicotine and within 6% for cotinine are attainable for the respective concentration ranges 1-100 microgram/liter and 1-200 microgram/liter. Nornicotine and related alkaloids do not interfere. The sensitivity was such that less than 0.1 microgram (0.62 nmol) of nicotine and 0.1 microgram (0.62 nmol) of nicotine and 0.1 microgram (0.57 nmol) of cotinine could be detected per liter.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D009538	Nicotine	Nicotine is highly toxic alkaloid. It is the prototypical agonist at nicotinic cholinergic receptors where it dramatically stimulates neurons and ultimately blocks synaptic transmission. Nicotine is also important medically because of its presence in tobacco smoke.	Nicotine Bitartrate,Nicotine Tartrate
D011760	Pyrrolidinones	A group of compounds that are derivatives of oxo-pyrrolidines. A member of this group is 2-oxo pyrrolidine, which is an intermediate in the manufacture of polyvinylpyrrolidone. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)	Pyrrolidinone,Pyrrolidone,Pyrrolidones
D002849	Chromatography, Gas	Fractionation of a vaporized sample as a consequence of partition between a mobile gaseous phase and a stationary phase held in a column. Two types are gas-solid chromatography, where the fixed phase is a solid, and gas-liquid, in which the stationary phase is a nonvolatile liquid supported on an inert solid matrix.	Chromatography, Gas-Liquid,Gas Chromatography,Chromatographies, Gas,Chromatographies, Gas-Liquid,Chromatography, Gas Liquid,Gas Chromatographies,Gas-Liquid Chromatographies,Gas-Liquid Chromatography
D003367	Cotinine	The N-glucuronide conjugate of cotinine is a major urinary metabolite of NICOTINE. It thus serves as a biomarker of exposure to tobacco SMOKING. It has CNS stimulating properties.	Scotine
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D012907	Smoking	Willful or deliberate act of inhaling and exhaling SMOKE from burning substances or agents held by hand.	Smoking Behaviors,Smoking Habit,Behavior, Smoking,Behaviors, Smoking,Habit, Smoking,Habits, Smoking,Smoking Behavior,Smoking Habits