Biomaterial Database

2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase in interferon-treated chick cells. 1981

L A Ball, and D K West

Chick embryo cells respond to interferon by producing very high levels of 2-5A synthetase. From inhibitor studies, it appears that the response involves the controlled derepression of an interferon-inducible gene. Continuous interaction of the cells with interferon seems to be necessary to maintain maximal enzyme induction. Partial purification of the synthetase indicates that it is probably composed of a single polypeptide of 56,000 MW. Upon activation by binding to dsRNA, this polypeptide catalyzes a nucleotidyl transferase reaction in which 5'-AMP residues are transferred from ATP to the 2' position of appropriate acceptors. A number of naturally occurring small molecules (in addition to 2-5A itself) that can function as adenylate acceptors have been identified, but the physiological significance of these adenylylation reactions remain to be established.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007372	Interferons	Proteins secreted by vertebrate cells in response to a wide variety of inducers. They confer resistance against many different viruses, inhibit proliferation of normal and malignant cells, impede multiplication of intracellular parasites, enhance macrophage and granulocyte phagocytosis, augment natural killer cell activity, and show several other immunomodulatory functions.	Interferon
D008970	Molecular Weight	The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule.	Molecular Weights,Weight, Molecular,Weights, Molecular
D009843	Oligoribonucleotides	A group of ribonucleotides (up to 12) in which the phosphate residues of each ribonucleotide act as bridges in forming diester linkages between the ribose moieties.
D002478	Cells, Cultured	Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.	Cultured Cells,Cell, Cultured,Cultured Cell
D002642	Chick Embryo	The developmental entity of a fertilized chicken egg (ZYGOTE). The developmental process begins about 24 h before the egg is laid at the BLASTODISC, a small whitish spot on the surface of the EGG YOLK. After 21 days of incubation, the embryo is fully developed before hatching.	Embryo, Chick,Chick Embryos,Embryos, Chick
D004790	Enzyme Induction	An increase in the rate of synthesis of an enzyme due to the presence of an inducer which acts to derepress the gene responsible for enzyme synthesis.	Induction, Enzyme
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012313	RNA	A polynucleotide consisting essentially of chains with a repeating backbone of phosphate and ribose units to which nitrogenous bases are attached. RNA is unique among biological macromolecules in that it can encode genetic information, serve as an abundant structural component of cells, and also possesses catalytic activity. (Rieger et al., Glossary of Genetics: Classical and Molecular, 5th ed)	RNA, Non-Polyadenylated,Ribonucleic Acid,Gene Products, RNA,Non-Polyadenylated RNA,Acid, Ribonucleic,Non Polyadenylated RNA,RNA Gene Products,RNA, Non Polyadenylated
D013379	Substrate Specificity	A characteristic feature of enzyme activity in relation to the kind of substrate on which the enzyme or catalytic molecule reacts.	Specificities, Substrate,Specificity, Substrate,Substrate Specificities
D015088	2',5'-Oligoadenylate Synthetase	An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of ATP into a series of (2'-5') linked oligoadenylates and pyrophosphate in the presence of double-stranded RNA. These oligonucleotides activate an endoribonuclease (RNase L) which cleaves single-stranded RNA. Interferons can act as inducers of these reactions.	2',5'-Oligoadenylate Polymerase,2-5A Synthetase,(2'-5')An Polymerase,2',5'-Oligo(A) Polymerase,2',5'-Oligo(A) Synthetase,2,5 Oligoadenylate Polymerase,2,5 Oligoadenylate Synthetase,ATP-(2'-5')oligo(A)adenylyltransferase,2',5' Oligoadenylate Polymerase,2',5' Oligoadenylate Synthetase,Oligoadenylate Polymerase, 2,5,Oligoadenylate Synthetase, 2,5,Polymerase, 2',5'-Oligoadenylate,Polymerase, 2,5 Oligoadenylate,Synthetase, 2',5'-Oligoadenylate,Synthetase, 2,5 Oligoadenylate