Biomaterial Database

The sensitivity of isolated osteoclasts to morphological transformation by calcitonin. 1983

T J Chambers, and A Moore

We recently developed a technique for isolating osteoclasts from other bone cells which allows the direct effect of hormones on these cells to be assessed. We found that calcitonin (CT), which inhibits osteoclastic bone resorption, abolished cytoplasmic movement in these cells. In this paper we use the shape-change which accompanies immotility to define the sensitivity of osteoclasts to human and salmon CT. Concentrations of human CT above 62 pg/ml and salmon CT above 3 pg/ml regularly induced the shape-change in osteoclasts which corresponds to complete inhibition of cytoplasmic motility. Morphological transformation of osteoclasts by such low concentrations implies that CT may inhibit bone resorption by inhibiting the motility of the bone-resorptive cell. Even relatively high concentrations of other hormones had no effect on the sensitivity of osteoclasts to CT. This suggests that the response of isolated osteoclasts to CT is sufficiently specific and sensitive to be used as a bioassay, and we used the response to compare the biological potency of several samples of known immunoassayable CT content.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D010010	Osteoclasts	A large multinuclear cell associated with the BONE RESORPTION. An odontoclast, also called cementoclast, is cytomorphologically the same as an osteoclast and is involved in CEMENTUM resorption.	Odontoclasts,Cementoclast,Cementoclasts,Odontoclast,Osteoclast
D010084	Oxidation-Reduction	A chemical reaction in which an electron is transferred from one molecule to another. The electron-donating molecule is the reducing agent or reductant; the electron-accepting molecule is the oxidizing agent or oxidant. Reducing and oxidizing agents function as conjugate reductant-oxidant pairs or redox pairs (Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1982, p471).	Redox,Oxidation Reduction
D002116	Calcitonin	A peptide hormone that lowers calcium concentration in the blood. In humans, it is released by thyroid cells and acts to decrease the formation and absorptive activity of osteoclasts. Its role in regulating plasma calcium is much greater in children and in certain diseases than in normal adults.	Thyrocalcitonin,Calcitonin(1-32),Calcitrin,Ciba 47175-BA,Eel Calcitonin,Calcitonin, Eel,Ciba 47175 BA,Ciba 47175BA
D002465	Cell Movement	The movement of cells from one location to another. Distinguish from CYTOKINESIS which is the process of dividing the CYTOPLASM of a cell.	Cell Migration,Locomotion, Cell,Migration, Cell,Motility, Cell,Movement, Cell,Cell Locomotion,Cell Motility,Cell Movements,Movements, Cell
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000367	Age Factors	Age as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or the effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from AGING, a physiological process, and TIME FACTORS which refers only to the passage of time.	Age Reporting,Age Factor,Factor, Age,Factors, Age
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001681	Biological Assay	A method of measuring the effects of a biologically active substance using an intermediate in vivo or in vitro tissue or cell model under controlled conditions. It includes virulence studies in animal fetuses in utero, mouse convulsion bioassay of insulin, quantitation of tumor-initiator systems in mouse skin, calculation of potentiating effects of a hormonal factor in an isolated strip of contracting stomach muscle, etc.	Bioassay,Assay, Biological,Assays, Biological,Biologic Assay,Biologic Assays,Assay, Biologic,Assays, Biologic,Bioassays,Biological Assays
D012474	Salmon	Fish of the genera ONCORHYNCHUS and Salmo in the family SALMONIDAE. They are anadromous game fish, frequenting the coastal waters of both the North Atlantic and Pacific. They are known for their gameness as a sport fish and for the quality of their flesh as a table fish. (Webster, 3d ed).	Oncorhynchus gorbuscha,Oncorhynchus nerka,Oncorhynchus tshawytscha,Salmo salmo,Salmon, Chinook,Salmon, Pink,Salmon, Sockeye,Chinook Salmon,Pink Salmon,Sockeye Salmon
D013997	Time Factors	Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.	Time Series,Factor, Time,Time Factor