In a 5 year interval 46 children with complete atrioventricular canal (CAVC) required 51 operations. Thirty-two children underwent correction; nine received surgical palliation. The ages of the children undergoing correction ranged from 4 months to 14.6 years (mean 4.2 years); eight were less than 1 year old. Weights ranged from 4.1 kg to 39 kg (mean 13.5 kg); 15 weighted less than 10 kg. Ten had undergone previous palliation (seven by pulmonary artery band; three by shunt). There were no early deaths and two late deaths. One infant required mitral replacement at correction; two required subsequent mitral replacement. The ages of the children undergoing palliation ranged from 8 days to 1.34 years (mean 5.8 months); 16 were less than 1 year old. Weights ranged from 2.5 kg to 8.5 kg (mean 4.4 kg); 14 weighted less than 5 kg. Operations included pulmonary artery banding in 14, shunt creation in four, and pericardial enlargement of the right ventricular outflow tract in one. One death occurred 5 days after pulmonary artery banding in an infant with unrecognized coarctation. One late death occurred several months after the creation of a second shunt in a child with severe tetralogy of Fallot and hypoplastic pulmonary arteries. Forty-two (91%) of these children were alive at the time of this review. The outcome in these 46 patients supports individualized choice of initial operation (palliation versus correction) based upon clinical condition, weight, and associated anomalies. The pulmonary artery is banded in infants less than 4 to 5 kg; larger infants and children undergo correction primarily.