Biomaterial Database

Inhibition of plaque-forming cells with anti-idiotope or hapten: variation due to hapten density on indicator red cells. 1984

R Cronkhite, and J Cerny, and C DeLisi

Phosphorylcholine (PC)-specific antibody plaque-forming cells (PFC) were enumerated in the spleen of BALB/c mice immunized with S. pneumoniae R36a bacterial vaccine. Two indicator red blood cells were compared: RBC coupled with the hapten, PC-RBC, and cells coupled with PC-bearing polysaccharide from the pneumococcus, PnC-RBC. Equal numbers of direct (IgM) PFC were detected with both types of indicator cells. However, a significant difference appeared in the attempt to inhibit the respective PFC either with hapten (monovalent PC chloride, PCCl) or with monoclonal antibodies against T15 idiotopes (anti-Id). At optimal coupling concentrations, inhibition of anti-PnC-RBC plaques required a 10-fold higher concentration of the hapten when compared to anti-PC-SRBC plaques. Also, the inhibition of anti-PnC-SRBC plaques with anti-Id required much higher concentration of the antibody. The phenomenon may be explained by a higher epitope density on PnC-RBC than on PC-RBC. Heavily coupled PC-RBC were more difficult to inhibit (much like the PnC-RBC) by either the hapten or the anti-Id than lightly coupled PC-RBC. A mathematical analysis of the experimental curves supports the notion that under the assay conditions used, inhibition by either the hapten or the anti-Id is influenced primarily by antibody secretion rate and epitope density on indicator cells. If the 2 variables are too high, a significant inhibition of PFC with a low affinity anti-Id may not be possible. The theory also predicted that addition of a small amount of hapten into the assay would be roughly equivalent to secretion rate reduction and would facilitate the plaque inhibition by anti-Id. Indeed, we show a synergism between a minute (non-inhibitory) amount of PCCl and anti-Id in the inhibition of PC-specific PFC. These results point out that the detection of an idiotype-bearing PFC by plaque-inhibition assay is greatly influenced by technical variation in the assay, in particular, the preparation of the indicator red cells.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007130	Immunoglobulin Idiotypes	Unique genetically-controlled determinants present on ANTIBODIES whose specificity is limited to a single group of proteins (e.g., another antibody molecule or an individual myeloma protein). The idiotype appears to represent the antigenicity of the antigen-binding site of the antibody and to be genetically codetermined with it. The idiotypic determinants have been precisely located to the IMMUNOGLOBULIN VARIABLE REGION of both immunoglobin polypeptide chains.	Idiotypes, Immunoglobulin,Ig Idiotypes,Idiotype, Ig,Idiotype, Immunoglobulin,Idiotypes, Ig,Ig Idiotype,Immunoglobulin Idiotype
D007202	Indicators and Reagents	Substances used for the detection, identification, analysis, etc. of chemical, biological, or pathologic processes or conditions. Indicators are substances that change in physical appearance, e.g., color, at or approaching the endpoint of a chemical titration, e.g., on the passage between acidity and alkalinity. Reagents are substances used for the detection or determination of another substance by chemical or microscopical means, especially analysis. Types of reagents are precipitants, solvents, oxidizers, reducers, fluxes, and colorimetric reagents. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed, p301, p499)	Indicator,Reagent,Reagents,Indicators,Reagents and Indicators
D008807	Mice, Inbred BALB C	An inbred strain of mouse that is widely used in IMMUNOLOGY studies and cancer research.	BALB C Mice, Inbred,BALB C Mouse, Inbred,Inbred BALB C Mice,Inbred BALB C Mouse,Mice, BALB C,Mouse, BALB C,Mouse, Inbred BALB C,BALB C Mice,BALB C Mouse
D010758	Phosphorus	A non-metal element that has the atomic symbol P, atomic number 15, and atomic weight 31. It is an essential element that takes part in a broad variety of biochemical reactions.	Black Phosphorus,Phosphorus-31,Red Phosphorus,White Phosphorus,Yellow Phosphorus,Phosphorus 31,Phosphorus, Black,Phosphorus, Red,Phosphorus, White,Phosphorus, Yellow
D010767	Phosphorylcholine	Calcium and magnesium salts used therapeutically in hepatobiliary dysfunction.	Choline Chloride Dihydrogen Phosphate,Choline Phosphate Chloride,Phosphorylcholine Chloride,Choline Phosphate,Phosphocholine,Chloride, Choline Phosphate,Chloride, Phosphorylcholine,Phosphate Chloride, Choline,Phosphate, Choline
D011135	Polysaccharides, Bacterial	Polysaccharides found in bacteria and in capsules thereof.	Bacterial Polysaccharides
D003979	Diazonium Compounds	Azo compounds consisting of an aryl or alkyl group that is joined through two nitrogen atoms to an anion (R-N2+X-).	Compounds, Diazonium
D004912	Erythrocytes	Red blood cells. Mature erythrocytes are non-nucleated, biconcave disks containing HEMOGLOBIN whose function is to transport OXYGEN.	Blood Cells, Red,Blood Corpuscles, Red,Red Blood Cells,Red Blood Corpuscles,Blood Cell, Red,Blood Corpuscle, Red,Erythrocyte,Red Blood Cell,Red Blood Corpuscle
D006241	Haptens	Small antigenic determinants capable of eliciting an immune response only when coupled to a carrier. Haptens bind to antibodies but by themselves cannot elicit an antibody response.	Hapten,Contact-Sensitizing Agents,Agents, Contact-Sensitizing,Contact Sensitizing Agents
D006462	Hemolytic Plaque Technique	A method to identify and enumerate cells that are synthesizing ANTIBODIES against ANTIGENS or HAPTENS conjugated to sheep RED BLOOD CELLS. The sheep red blood cells surrounding cells secreting antibody are lysed by added COMPLEMENT producing a clear zone of HEMOLYSIS. (From Illustrated Dictionary of Immunology, 3rd ed)	Jerne's Plaque Technique,Hemolytic Plaque Technic,Jerne's Plaque Technic,Hemolytic Plaque Technics,Hemolytic Plaque Techniques,Jerne Plaque Technic,Jerne Plaque Technique,Jernes Plaque Technic,Jernes Plaque Technique,Plaque Technic, Hemolytic,Plaque Technic, Jerne's,Plaque Technics, Hemolytic,Plaque Technique, Hemolytic,Plaque Technique, Jerne's,Plaque Techniques, Hemolytic,Technic, Hemolytic Plaque,Technic, Jerne's Plaque,Technics, Hemolytic Plaque,Technique, Hemolytic Plaque,Technique, Jerne's Plaque,Techniques, Hemolytic Plaque