| D010957 |
Plasmids |
Extrachromosomal, usually CIRCULAR DNA molecules that are self-replicating and transferable from one organism to another. They are found in a variety of bacterial, archaeal, fungal, algal, and plant species. They are used in GENETIC ENGINEERING as CLONING VECTORS. |
Episomes,Episome,Plasmid |
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| D004269 |
DNA, Bacterial |
Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of bacteria. |
Bacterial DNA |
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| D004279 |
DNA, Viral |
Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of viruses. |
Viral DNA |
|
| D005798 |
Genes, Bacterial |
The functional hereditary units of BACTERIA. |
Bacterial Gene,Bacterial Genes,Gene, Bacterial |
|
| D005814 |
Genes, Viral |
The functional hereditary units of VIRUSES. |
Viral Genes,Gene, Viral,Viral Gene |
|
| D006217 |
Halobacterium |
A genus of HALOBACTERIACEAE whose growth requires a high concentration of salt. Binary fission is by constriction. |
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| D001105 |
Archaea |
One of the three domains of life (the others being BACTERIA and Eukarya), formerly called Archaebacteria under the taxon Bacteria, but now considered separate and distinct. They are characterized by: (1) the presence of characteristic tRNAs and ribosomal RNAs; (2) the absence of peptidoglycan cell walls; (3) the presence of ether-linked lipids built from branched-chain subunits; and (4) their occurrence in unusual habitats. While archaea resemble bacteria in morphology and genomic organization, they resemble eukarya in their method of genomic replication. The domain contains at least four kingdoms: CRENARCHAEOTA; EURYARCHAEOTA; NANOARCHAEOTA; and KORARCHAEOTA. |
Archaebacteria,Archaeobacteria,Archaeon,Archebacteria |
|
| D001419 |
Bacteria |
One of the three domains of life (the others being Eukarya and ARCHAEA), also called Eubacteria. They are unicellular prokaryotic microorganisms which generally possess rigid cell walls, multiply by cell division, and exhibit three principal forms: round or coccal, rodlike or bacillary, and spiral or spirochetal. Bacteria can be classified by their response to OXYGEN: aerobic, anaerobic, or facultatively anaerobic; by the mode by which they obtain their energy: chemotrophy (via chemical reaction) or PHOTOTROPHY (via light reaction); for chemotrophs by their source of chemical energy: CHEMOLITHOTROPHY (from inorganic compounds) or chemoorganotrophy (from organic compounds); and by their source for CARBON; NITROGEN; etc.; HETEROTROPHY (from organic sources) or AUTOTROPHY (from CARBON DIOXIDE). They can also be classified by whether or not they stain (based on the structure of their CELL WALLS) with CRYSTAL VIOLET dye: gram-negative or gram-positive. |
Eubacteria |
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| D001435 |
Bacteriophages |
Viruses whose hosts are bacterial cells. |
Phages,Bacteriophage,Phage |
|
| D012321 |
DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases |
Enzymes that catalyze DNA template-directed extension of the 3'-end of an RNA strand one nucleotide at a time. They can initiate a chain de novo. In eukaryotes, three forms of the enzyme have been distinguished on the basis of sensitivity to alpha-amanitin, and the type of RNA synthesized. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992). |
DNA-Dependent RNA Polymerases,RNA Polymerases,Transcriptases,DNA-Directed RNA Polymerase,RNA Polymerase,Transcriptase,DNA Dependent RNA Polymerases,DNA Directed RNA Polymerase,DNA Directed RNA Polymerases,Polymerase, DNA-Directed RNA,Polymerase, RNA,Polymerases, DNA-Dependent RNA,Polymerases, DNA-Directed RNA,Polymerases, RNA,RNA Polymerase, DNA-Directed,RNA Polymerases, DNA-Dependent,RNA Polymerases, DNA-Directed |
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