Biomaterial Database

Influence of cyclic nucleotides, norepinephrine and calcium on 3H-uridine incorporation into RNA in thyroid slices. 1984

D L Kleiman de Pisarev, and M A Pisarev, and G J Juvenal

The role of cyclic nucleotides and Ca2+ on RNA synthesis was investigated in beef thyroid slices. Both cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP caused a significant stimulation of 3H-uridine incorporation into total RNA (around 500%). No additive effect was observed when slices were incubated with cAMP plus cGMP. Another cyclic nucleotide, cyclic 3'5' cytidine monophosphate (cCMP) was also studied. At 0.2 mM cCMP the stimulatory action of cGMP was no longer evident (control 2183 +/- 311 cpm/mg RNA; 0.5 mM cGMP 3849 +/- 316; 0.2 mM cCMP 1885 +/- 238; cGMP + cCMP 1750 +/- 178), extending our previous observation on the blocking effect of cCMP on cAMP stimulation of RNA synthesis. The distribution of uridine nucleotides, precursors of RNA, was studied by paper chromatography in slices labeled with 3H-uridine. Both cAMP and cGMP caused a significant increase in labeled UTP (% UTP in chromatogram: control 2.4 +/- 0.4; 1 mM cAMP 4.9 +/- 1.3 and 1 mM cGMP 5.3 +/- 0.5). The influence of Ca2+ on RNA labeling was studied by incubating the slices under mild Ca2+ depletion (KRB without Ca2+) and severe Ca2+ depletion (KRB without Ca2+ + 2 mM EGTA). Basal RNA labeling was significantly affected only by severe depletion (control 1312 +/- 50; severe Ca2+ depletion 912 +/- 190). Under this latter condition, RNA synthesis failed to respond to TSH, cAMP and cGMP stimulation, and EM showed severe alterations in structure (e.g., nuclear swelling, mitochondrial condensation, etc.).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D009638	Norepinephrine	Precursor of epinephrine that is secreted by the ADRENAL MEDULLA and is a widespread central and autonomic neurotransmitter. Norepinephrine is the principal transmitter of most postganglionic sympathetic fibers, and of the diffuse projection system in the brain that arises from the LOCUS CERULEUS. It is also found in plants and is used pharmacologically as a sympathomimetic.	Levarterenol,Levonorepinephrine,Noradrenaline,Arterenol,Levonor,Levophed,Levophed Bitartrate,Noradrenaline Bitartrate,Noradrénaline tartrate renaudin,Norepinephrin d-Tartrate (1:1),Norepinephrine Bitartrate,Norepinephrine Hydrochloride,Norepinephrine Hydrochloride, (+)-Isomer,Norepinephrine Hydrochloride, (+,-)-Isomer,Norepinephrine d-Tartrate (1:1),Norepinephrine l-Tartrate (1:1),Norepinephrine l-Tartrate (1:1), (+,-)-Isomer,Norepinephrine l-Tartrate (1:1), Monohydrate,Norepinephrine l-Tartrate (1:1), Monohydrate, (+)-Isomer,Norepinephrine l-Tartrate (1:2),Norepinephrine l-Tartrate, (+)-Isomer,Norepinephrine, (+)-Isomer,Norepinephrine, (+,-)-Isomer
D009712	Nucleotides, Cyclic		Cyclic Nucleotide,Cyclic Nucleotides,Nucleotide, Cyclic
D002118	Calcium	A basic element found in nearly all tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes.	Coagulation Factor IV,Factor IV,Blood Coagulation Factor IV,Calcium-40,Calcium 40,Factor IV, Coagulation
D002854	Chromatography, Paper	An analytical technique for resolution of a chemical mixture into its component compounds. Compounds are separated on an adsorbent paper (stationary phase) by their varied degree of solubility/mobility in the eluting solvent (mobile phase).	Paper Chromatography,Chromatographies, Paper,Paper Chromatographies
D003563	Cyclic CMP	A cyclic nucleotide formed from CYTIDINE TRIPHOSPHATE by the action of cytidylate cyclase. It is a potential cyclic nucleotide intracellular mediator of signal transductions.	Cytidine Cyclic-3',5'-Monophosphate,Cyclic CMP, Monosodium Salt,Cytidine Cyclic 3,5 Monophosphate,Cytidine Cyclic Monophosphate,CMP, Cyclic,Cyclic Monophosphate, Cytidine,Cyclic-3',5'-Monophosphate, Cytidine,Cytidine Cyclic 3',5' Monophosphate,Monophosphate, Cytidine Cyclic
D006152	Cyclic GMP	Guanosine cyclic 3',5'-(hydrogen phosphate). A guanine nucleotide containing one phosphate group which is esterified to the sugar moiety in both the 3'- and 5'-positions. It is a cellular regulatory agent and has been described as a second messenger. Its levels increase in response to a variety of hormones, including acetylcholine, insulin, and oxytocin and it has been found to activate specific protein kinases. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)	Guanosine Cyclic 3',5'-Monophosphate,Guanosine Cyclic 3,5 Monophosphate,Guanosine Cyclic Monophosphate,Guanosine Cyclic-3',5'-Monophosphate,3',5'-Monophosphate, Guanosine Cyclic,Cyclic 3',5'-Monophosphate, Guanosine,Cyclic Monophosphate, Guanosine,Cyclic-3',5'-Monophosphate, Guanosine,GMP, Cyclic,Guanosine Cyclic 3',5' Monophosphate,Monophosphate, Guanosine Cyclic
D000242	Cyclic AMP	An adenine nucleotide containing one phosphate group which is esterified to both the 3'- and 5'-positions of the sugar moiety. It is a second messenger and a key intracellular regulator, functioning as a mediator of activity for a number of hormones, including epinephrine, glucagon, and ACTH.	Adenosine Cyclic 3',5'-Monophosphate,Adenosine Cyclic 3,5 Monophosphate,Adenosine Cyclic Monophosphate,Adenosine Cyclic-3',5'-Monophosphate,Cyclic AMP, (R)-Isomer,Cyclic AMP, Disodium Salt,Cyclic AMP, Monoammonium Salt,Cyclic AMP, Monopotassium Salt,Cyclic AMP, Monosodium Salt,Cyclic AMP, Sodium Salt,3',5'-Monophosphate, Adenosine Cyclic,AMP, Cyclic,Adenosine Cyclic 3',5' Monophosphate,Cyclic 3',5'-Monophosphate, Adenosine,Cyclic Monophosphate, Adenosine,Cyclic-3',5'-Monophosphate, Adenosine,Monophosphate, Adenosine Cyclic
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012313	RNA	A polynucleotide consisting essentially of chains with a repeating backbone of phosphate and ribose units to which nitrogenous bases are attached. RNA is unique among biological macromolecules in that it can encode genetic information, serve as an abundant structural component of cells, and also possesses catalytic activity. (Rieger et al., Glossary of Genetics: Classical and Molecular, 5th ed)	RNA, Non-Polyadenylated,Ribonucleic Acid,Gene Products, RNA,Non-Polyadenylated RNA,Acid, Ribonucleic,Non Polyadenylated RNA,RNA Gene Products,RNA, Non Polyadenylated
D013961	Thyroid Gland	A highly vascularized endocrine gland consisting of two lobes joined by a thin band of tissue with one lobe on each side of the TRACHEA. It secretes THYROID HORMONES from the follicular cells and CALCITONIN from the parafollicular cells thereby regulating METABOLISM and CALCIUM level in blood, respectively.	Thyroid,Gland, Thyroid,Glands, Thyroid,Thyroid Glands,Thyroids