Biomaterial Database

Abnormal activity of polymodal receptors induced by clioquinol (5-chloro-7-iodo-8-hydroxyquinoline). 1984

T Kumazawa, and K Mizumura

To know possible involvement of primary afferents in paresthesia of subacute myelo-optico-neuropathy (SMON), influence on polymodal receptor, a type of nociceptor, of its causal agent clioquinol (5-chloro-7-iodo-8-hydroxyquinoline) was tested using in vitro testis-superior spermatic nerve preparations of dogs. Exposure to clioquinol (greater than 1 microM) induced an abnormal bursting activity in polymodal receptors, and thereafter the receptors were sensitized to an algesic stimulus (hypertonic saline) and gained a new sensitivity to cold, while pure mechanoreceptors were not influenced. On the other hand, clioquinol glucuronide (100 microM), a detoxicated form, had no such effects. These results are consistent with several clinical observations of sensory aberrations, suggesting possible involvement of the abnormal activities of polymodal receptors in SMON paresthesia.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007464	Clioquinol	A potentially neurotoxic 8-hydroxyquinoline derivative long used as a topical anti-infective, intestinal antiamebic, and vaginal trichomonacide. The oral preparation has been shown to cause subacute myelo-optic neuropathy and has been banned worldwide.	Chloroiodoquine,Iodochlorhydroxyquin,Iodochloroxyquinoline,5-Chloro-7-iodo-8-quinolinol,Chinoform,Entero-Septol,Entero-Vioform,Enteroquinol,Vioform,5 Chloro 7 iodo 8 quinolinol,Entero Septol,Entero Vioform,EnteroSeptol,EnteroVioform
D008297	Male		Males
D009619	Nociceptors	Peripheral AFFERENT NEURONS which are sensitive to injuries or pain, usually caused by extreme thermal exposures, mechanical forces, or other noxious stimuli. Their cell bodies reside in the DORSAL ROOT GANGLIA. Their peripheral terminals (NERVE ENDINGS) innervate target tissues and transduce noxious stimuli via axons to the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.	Pain Receptors,Receptors, Pain,Nociceptive Neurons,Neuron, Nociceptive,Neurons, Nociceptive,Nociceptive Neuron,Nociceptor,Pain Receptor
D010525	Peripheral Nerves	The nerves outside of the brain and spinal cord, including the autonomic, cranial, and spinal nerves. Peripheral nerves contain non-neuronal cells and connective tissue as well as axons. The connective tissue layers include, from the outside to the inside, the epineurium, the perineurium, and the endoneurium.	Endoneurium,Epineurium,Perineurium,Endoneuriums,Epineuriums,Nerve, Peripheral,Nerves, Peripheral,Perineuriums,Peripheral Nerve
D003080	Cold Temperature	An absence of warmth or heat or a temperature notably below an accustomed norm.	Cold,Cold Temperatures,Temperature, Cold,Temperatures, Cold
D004285	Dogs	The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065)	Canis familiaris,Dog
D006912	Hydroxyquinolines	The 8-hydroxy derivatives inhibit various enzymes and their halogenated derivatives, though neurotoxic, are used as topical anti-infective agents, among other uses.	Quinolinols,Chiniofon
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D013085	Spermatic Cord	Either of a pair of tubular structures formed by DUCTUS DEFERENS; ARTERIES; VEINS; LYMPHATIC VESSELS; and nerves. The spermatic cord extends from the deep inguinal ring through the INGUINAL CANAL to the TESTIS in the SCROTUM.	Funiculus Spermaticus,Cord, Spermatic,Cords, Spermatic,Spermatic Cords
D013737	Testis	The male gonad containing two functional parts: the SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES for the production and transport of male germ cells (SPERMATOGENESIS) and the interstitial compartment containing LEYDIG CELLS that produce ANDROGENS.	Testicles,Testes,Testicle