Biomaterial Database

Cell mediated and humoral immune response of chickens to live infectious bronchitis vaccines. 1981

L M Timms, and C D Bracewell

A lymphocyte transformation microassay was used to study cell-mediated immune (CMI) responses in chickens following inoculation with live infectious bronchitis virus vaccines H 120 and H 52 and challenge with Massachusetts-41 (M-41). Humoral immunity was monitored for comparison, using haemagglutination inhibition (HI) microassay. Specific stimulation of infectious bronchitis virus sensitised lymphocytes was demonstrated by their lack of response to Mycoplasma synoviae and Newcastle disease virus antigens. Positive infectious bronchitis virus stimulation indices appeared before HI titres and ranged from 2.0 to 7.1 over a period of five to 33 days after primary vaccination with H 120. Revaccination with H 52 produced a strong secondary HI response and a relatively weak CMI response. Challenge of vaccinated and revaccinated birds also resulted in strong HI and weaker CMI secondary responses but the more pronounced CMI responses were in the revaccinated-challenged group. There was no correlation between CMI and HI antibody production but a negative correlation was demonstrated between peak CMI responses after vaccination and severity of clinical symptoms after subsequent challenge.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007117	Immunization, Secondary	Any immunization following a primary immunization and involving exposure to the same or a closely related antigen.	Immunization, Booster,Revaccination,Secondary Immunization,Booster Immunization,Booster Immunizations,Immunizations, Booster,Immunizations, Secondary,Revaccinations,Secondary Immunizations
D008213	Lymphocyte Activation	Morphologic alteration of small B LYMPHOCYTES or T LYMPHOCYTES in culture into large blast-like cells able to synthesize DNA and RNA and to divide mitotically. It is induced by INTERLEUKINS; MITOGENS such as PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININS, and by specific ANTIGENS. It may also occur in vivo as in GRAFT REJECTION.	Blast Transformation,Blastogenesis,Lymphoblast Transformation,Lymphocyte Stimulation,Lymphocyte Transformation,Transformation, Blast,Transformation, Lymphoblast,Transformation, Lymphocyte,Activation, Lymphocyte,Stimulation, Lymphocyte
D011201	Poultry Diseases	Diseases of birds which are raised as a source of meat or eggs for human consumption and are usually found in barnyards, hatcheries, etc. The concept is differentiated from BIRD DISEASES which is for diseases of birds not considered poultry and usually found in zoos, parks, and the wild.	Disease, Poultry,Diseases, Poultry,Poultry Disease
D002645	Chickens	Common name for the species Gallus gallus, the domestic fowl, in the family Phasianidae, order GALLIFORMES. It is descended from the red jungle fowl of SOUTHEAST ASIA.	Gallus gallus,Gallus domesticus,Gallus gallus domesticus,Chicken
D003332	Coronaviridae	Spherical RNA viruses, in the order NIDOVIRALES, infecting a wide range of animals including humans. Transmission is by fecal-oral and respiratory routes. Mechanical transmission is also common. There are two genera: CORONAVIRUS and TOROVIRUS.	Bafinivirus,Coronavirinae,Torovirinae,White bream virus,Bafiniviruses,White bream viruses
D003333	Coronaviridae Infections	Virus diseases caused by CORONAVIRIDAE.	Infections, Coronaviridae,Coronaviridae Infection,Infection, Coronaviridae
D006385	Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests	Serologic tests in which a known quantity of antigen is added to the serum prior to the addition of a red cell suspension. Reaction result is expressed as the smallest amount of antigen which causes complete inhibition of hemagglutination.	Hemagglutination Inhibition Test,Inhibition Test, Hemagglutination,Inhibition Tests, Hemagglutination,Test, Hemagglutination Inhibition,Tests, Hemagglutination Inhibition
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000914	Antibodies, Viral	Immunoglobulins produced in response to VIRAL ANTIGENS.	Viral Antibodies
D001351	Infectious bronchitis virus	A species of CORONAVIRUS causing infections in chickens and possibly pheasants. Chicks up to four weeks old are the most severely affected.	Avian Infectious Bronchitis Virus,Infectious Bronchitis Virus, Avian,Infectious bronchitis viruses,bronchitis viruses, Infectious