Biomaterial Database

Effects of dietary fibers on lipid metabolism in liver and adipose tissue in chicks. 1982

Y Akiba, and T Matsumoto

Two experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of dietary fibers on lipid metabolism with 14-day-old male chicks fed isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets with or without 4% cellulose or 8% alfalfa meal for 3 and 6 weeks. Feeding the cellulose or alfalfa meal resulted in significant reductions in hepatic lipid deposition and plasma lipid content. Hepatic de novo fatty acid synthesis from acetate, glucose and leucine was significantly reduced by feeding the cellulose or alfalfa meal. Triglyceride synthesis from palmitate in the hepatic tissue was significantly reduced by dietary alfalfa meal. Malate dehydrogenase (oxaloacetate-decarboxylating) (NADP+) activity in the hepatic tissue was not affected by feeding the cellulose or alfalfa meal for 3 and 6 weeks. Secretion of lipoprotein from the liver appears to be accelerated by the dietary fibers. Lipoprotein lipase activity in the adipose tissue and clearance rate of intravenously injected lipid were enhanced by feeding the alfalfa meal. Feeding the cellulose for 3 weeks reduced hormone-sensitive lipase activity in the adipose tissue.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008071	Lipoprotein Lipase	An enzyme of the hydrolase class that catalyzes the reaction of triacylglycerol and water to yield diacylglycerol and a fatty acid anion. The enzyme hydrolyzes triacylglycerols in chylomicrons, very-low-density lipoproteins, low-density lipoproteins, and diacylglycerols. It occurs on capillary endothelial surfaces, especially in mammary, muscle, and adipose tissue. Genetic deficiency of the enzyme causes familial hyperlipoproteinemia Type I. (Dorland, 27th ed) EC 3.1.1.34.	Heparin-Clearing Factor,Lipemia-Clearing Factor,Diacylglycerol Lipase,Diglyceride Lipase,Post-Heparin Lipase,Postheparin Lipase,Postheparin Lipoprotein Lipase,Factor, Heparin-Clearing,Factor, Lipemia-Clearing,Heparin Clearing Factor,Lipase, Diacylglycerol,Lipase, Diglyceride,Lipase, Lipoprotein,Lipase, Post-Heparin,Lipase, Postheparin,Lipase, Postheparin Lipoprotein,Lipemia Clearing Factor,Lipoprotein Lipase, Postheparin,Post Heparin Lipase
D008099	Liver	A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances.	Livers
D008297	Male		Males
D009929	Organ Size	The measurement of an organ in volume, mass, or heaviness.	Organ Volume,Organ Weight,Size, Organ,Weight, Organ
D001835	Body Weight	The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.	Body Weights,Weight, Body,Weights, Body
D002645	Chickens	Common name for the species Gallus gallus, the domestic fowl, in the family Phasianidae, order GALLIFORMES. It is descended from the red jungle fowl of SOUTHEAST ASIA.	Gallus gallus,Gallus domesticus,Gallus gallus domesticus,Chicken
D004043	Dietary Fiber	The remnants of plant cell walls that are resistant to digestion by the alimentary enzymes of man. It comprises various polysaccharides and lignins.	Fiber, Dietary,Roughage,Wheat Bran,Bran, Wheat,Brans, Wheat,Dietary Fibers,Fibers, Dietary,Roughages,Wheat Brans
D000273	Adipose Tissue	Specialized connective tissue composed of fat cells (ADIPOCYTES). It is the site of stored FATS, usually in the form of TRIGLYCERIDES. In mammals, there are two types of adipose tissue, the WHITE FAT and the BROWN FAT. Their relative distributions vary in different species with most adipose tissue being white.	Fatty Tissue,Body Fat,Fat Pad,Fat Pads,Pad, Fat,Pads, Fat,Tissue, Adipose,Tissue, Fatty
D000455	Medicago sativa	A plant species of the family FABACEAE widely cultivated for ANIMAL FEED.	Alfalfa,Lucerne
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia