Biomaterial Database

Effects of goniopora toxin on non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic response and purine nucleotide release in guinea-pig taenia coli. 1982

M Fujiwara, and S C Hong, and I Muramatsu

1. Effects of goniopora toxin (GPT) on non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic inhibitory responses were examined in isolated guinea-pig taenia coli and the transmission mechanism was analysed.2. GPT (20-50 nM) gradually augmented the relaxation and rebound contraction induced by electrical transmural stimulation in the presence of guanethidine and atropine. These effects were abolished by tetrodotoxin.3. The resting tension and the response to exogenously applied ATP were little affected by GPT.4. The action potentials and the electrotonic potentials recorded by a double sucrose-gap method were little affected by GPT.5. These results indicate that the augmentation is elicited by a direct action of GPT on the non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic neurones, rather than on the smooth muscles per se.6. GPT augmented the amplitude of the inhibitory junction potential (i.j.p.) recorded in the presence of guanethidine and atropine. GPT also enhanced the (3)H efflux in response to electrical transmural stimulation of preparations pre-loaded with [(3)H] adenosine. Tetrodotoxin markedly inhibited or abolished the i.j.p. and (3)H efflux.7. These results would suggest that augmentation of the non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic responses is due to increased transmitter release from the nerve. Under conditions in which the transmitter release was augmented, the non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic response showed an essentially similar pattern to that obtained under normal conditions; therefore the inhibitory response is probably due to a putative transmitter, possibly ATP or a related nucleotide.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D008387	Marine Toxins	Toxic or poisonous substances elaborated by marine flora or fauna. They include also specific, characterized poisons or toxins for which there is no more specific heading, like those from poisonous FISHES.	Marine Biotoxins,Phycotoxins
D008564	Membrane Potentials	The voltage differences across a membrane. For cellular membranes they are computed by subtracting the voltage measured outside the membrane from the voltage measured inside the membrane. They result from differences of inside versus outside concentration of potassium, sodium, chloride, and other ions across cells' or ORGANELLES membranes. For excitable cells, the resting membrane potentials range between -30 and -100 millivolts. Physical, chemical, or electrical stimuli can make a membrane potential more negative (hyperpolarization), or less negative (depolarization).	Resting Potentials,Transmembrane Potentials,Delta Psi,Resting Membrane Potential,Transmembrane Electrical Potential Difference,Transmembrane Potential Difference,Difference, Transmembrane Potential,Differences, Transmembrane Potential,Membrane Potential,Membrane Potential, Resting,Membrane Potentials, Resting,Potential Difference, Transmembrane,Potential Differences, Transmembrane,Potential, Membrane,Potential, Resting,Potential, Transmembrane,Potentials, Membrane,Potentials, Resting,Potentials, Transmembrane,Resting Membrane Potentials,Resting Potential,Transmembrane Potential,Transmembrane Potential Differences
D009130	Muscle, Smooth	Unstriated and unstriped muscle, one of the muscles of the internal organs, blood vessels, hair follicles, etc. Contractile elements are elongated, usually spindle-shaped cells with centrally located nuclei. Smooth muscle fibers are bound together into sheets or bundles by reticular fibers and frequently elastic nets are also abundant. (From Stedman, 25th ed)	Muscle, Involuntary,Smooth Muscle,Involuntary Muscle,Involuntary Muscles,Muscles, Involuntary,Muscles, Smooth,Smooth Muscles
D009433	Neural Inhibition	The function of opposing or restraining the excitation of neurons or their target excitable cells.	Inhibition, Neural
D009435	Synaptic Transmission	The communication from a NEURON to a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) across a SYNAPSE. In chemical synaptic transmission, the presynaptic neuron releases a NEUROTRANSMITTER that diffuses across the synaptic cleft and binds to specific synaptic receptors, activating them. The activated receptors modulate specific ion channels and/or second-messenger systems in the postsynaptic cell. In electrical synaptic transmission, electrical signals are communicated as an ionic current flow across ELECTRICAL SYNAPSES.	Neural Transmission,Neurotransmission,Transmission, Neural,Transmission, Synaptic
D010455	Peptides	Members of the class of compounds composed of AMINO ACIDS joined together by peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids into linear, branched or cyclical structures. OLIGOPEPTIDES are composed of approximately 2-12 amino acids. Polypeptides are composed of approximately 13 or more amino acids. PROTEINS are considered to be larger versions of peptides that can form into complex structures such as ENZYMES and RECEPTORS.	Peptide,Polypeptide,Polypeptides
D003106	Colon	The segment of LARGE INTESTINE between the CECUM and the RECTUM. It includes the ASCENDING COLON; the TRANSVERSE COLON; the DESCENDING COLON; and the SIGMOID COLON.	Appendix Epiploica,Taenia Coli,Omental Appendices,Omental Appendix,Appendices, Omental,Appendix, Omental
D005260	Female		Females
D006168	Guinea Pigs	A common name used for the genus Cavia. The most common species is Cavia porcellus which is the domesticated guinea pig used for pets and biomedical research.	Cavia,Cavia porcellus,Guinea Pig,Pig, Guinea,Pigs, Guinea