The major aspects of oncological rehabilitation and aftercare are set forth. Among the medical subjects dealt with are causes, forms of treatment and their results, as well as the consequences of those cancers having a particularly far-reaching impact on the patient, both at the somatic and psychic levels. This is followed by an outline of the limitations and potentialities present in vocational rehabilitation, of measures available for, and objectives of, vocational reintegration, with subsequent consideration of the social environment as regards recreational activities, sports, problems of housing adaption, and transport participation. The author concludes by briefly explaining several of the pertaining social-legislative questions.