Biomaterial Database

Comparison of solid-phase immune electron microscopy by use of protein A with direct electron microscopy and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of rotavirus in stool. 1983

L Svensson, and M Grandien, and C A Pettersson

A total of 525 stool specimens collected during 1 year were examined for the presence of rotavirus by direct electron microscopy (EM), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and a solid-phase immune electron microscope method (SPIEM) utilizing protein A-coated grids for anchoring of specific viral antisera. Rotavirus was seen in 187 specimens; SPIEM detected 183 (97.8%), whereas direct EM and ELISA detected 161 (86%) and 166 (88.7%), respectively. No false-positive reactions were seen by ELISA. The sensitivity of the methods was evaluated by coded investigation of a dilution series of a positive sample, with a negative fecal specimen as diluent. SPIEM was approximately 30 times more sensitive than direct EM and 10 times more sensitive than ELISA. A study was done to compare the elapsed time for recognition of rotavirus by SPIEM and EM in 25 randomly selected positive specimens. All virus-positive specimens were detected within 2 min by SPIEM, whereas up to 9 min was required for direct EM. SPIEM with protein A is a highly sensitive method, useful for rapid detection of viruses in clinical specimens. Due to the direct visualization of virus particles by electron microscopy, there is no requirement for monospecific antisera for the method.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007158	Immunologic Techniques	Techniques used to demonstrate or measure an immune response, and to identify or measure antigens using antibodies.	Antibody Dissociation,Immunologic Technic,Immunologic Technics,Immunologic Technique,Immunological Technics,Immunological Techniques,Technic, Immunologic,Technics, Immunologic,Technique, Immunologic,Techniques, Immunologic,Antibody Dissociations,Dissociation, Antibody,Dissociations, Antibody,Immunological Technic,Immunological Technique,Technic, Immunological,Technics, Immunological,Technique, Immunological,Techniques, Immunological
D008854	Microscopy, Electron	Microscopy using an electron beam, instead of light, to visualize the sample, thereby allowing much greater magnification. The interactions of ELECTRONS with specimens are used to provide information about the fine structure of that specimen. In TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY the reactions of the electrons that are transmitted through the specimen are imaged. In SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY an electron beam falls at a non-normal angle on the specimen and the image is derived from the reactions occurring above the plane of the specimen.	Electron Microscopy
D004797	Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay	An immunoassay utilizing an antibody labeled with an enzyme marker such as horseradish peroxidase. While either the enzyme or the antibody is bound to an immunosorbent substrate, they both retain their biologic activity; the change in enzyme activity as a result of the enzyme-antibody-antigen reaction is proportional to the concentration of the antigen and can be measured spectrophotometrically or with the naked eye. Many variations of the method have been developed.	ELISA,Assay, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent,Assays, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent,Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay,Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays,Immunosorbent Assay, Enzyme-Linked,Immunosorbent Assays, Enzyme-Linked
D005243	Feces	Excrement from the INTESTINES, containing unabsorbed solids, waste products, secretions, and BACTERIA of the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM.
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D012401	Rotavirus	A genus of REOVIRIDAE, causing acute gastroenteritis in BIRDS and MAMMALS, including humans. Transmission is horizontal and by environmental contamination. Seven species (Rotaviruses A thru G) are recognized.	Neonatal Calf Diarrhea Virus,Rotaviruses
D013205	Staphylococcal Protein A	A protein present in the cell wall of most Staphylococcus aureus strains. The protein selectively binds to the Fc region of human normal and myeloma-derived IMMUNOGLOBULIN G. It elicits antibody activity and may cause hypersensitivity reactions due to histamine release; has also been used as cell surface antigen marker and in the clinical assessment of B lymphocyte function.	Protein A,Protein A, Staphylococcal