In order to observe the effectiveness of polyglycolic acid microsutures (Dexon on rat uterine anastomoses, 40 Lewis rats were subjected to two-layer (including the mucosa) and one-layer (avoiding the mucosa) interrupted anastomoses of the freshly severed uteri using Dexon sutures. They were killed at days 7, 14, 21, 30, 60, 90, 180, 270, and 360. There was intensive inflammatory reaction during days 7-14 that gradually subsided, and the inflammatory reaction was limited to the suture sites by days 21-30. Sutures were still detectable at the end of 2 months, but they were no longer recognized at the end of 3 months. As the sutures were completely absorbed, giant cells and granulomatous reactions completely cleared. By days 180, 270, and 360, the rat uteri in both groups were indistinguishable from nonoperated ones. In this observation, it was noted that the use of absorbable microsutures with the mucosa inclusion in the rat uterine anastomoses was equally effective as those without the mucosa, and Dexon microsutures showed no residual effects on the uterine reanastomoses.