Biomaterial Database

Immunofluorescent examination of the skin of rabies-infected animals as a means of early detection of rabies virus antigen. 1983

D C Blenden, and J F Bell, and A T Tsao, and J U Umoh

Correlations were made on immunofluorescence positivity to antirabies conjugate between cranium-derived nerve fibers in skin and traditional samplings of brain tissue from several species and illness categories of animals with naturally acquired rabies. The overall correlation of results from all categories was about 98% (n, 104) for those that were brain positive and 100% (n, 99) for those that were brain negative. Some animals that ultimately developed rabies were found to have immunofluorescence-positive results 2 or more days before the onset of clinical signs in both natural and experimental infections. The percentage of those with positive skin immunofluorescence results increased as the onset of symptoms approached. From the midcourse period of illness to death, the correlation between skin and brain approached 100%. Different vaccines, commonly given to prevent rabies and other diseases of dogs and cats, were administered to groups of mice and were found to not produce false-positive results when their skin was examined by immunofluorescence for rabies virus antigen. These data suggest that examination of surgical biopsy specimens by immunofluorescence for rabies virus antigen is a useful and reliable diagnostic tool to evaluate the rabies status of biting dogs or cats, or to confirm a clinical diagnosis of rabies in the species tested. The biopsy evaluation of any other species as a means of assessing bite risk is not suggested by these data.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008988	Herpestidae	The family of agile, keen-sighted mongooses of Asia and Africa that feed on RODENTS and SNAKES.	Crossarchus,Cusimanses,Dwarf Mongooses,Helogale,Herpestes,Liberian Mongoose,Liberiictis,Mongooses,Mungos,Dwarf Mongoose,Mongoose,Mongoose, Dwarf,Mongoose, Liberian,Mongooses, Dwarf
D011818	Rabies	Acute VIRAL CNS INFECTION affecting mammals, including humans. It is caused by RABIES VIRUS and usually spread by contamination with virus-laden saliva of bites inflicted by rabid animals. Important animal vectors include the dog, cat, bat, fox, raccoon, skunk, and wolf.	Encephalitic Rabies,Furious Rabies,Hydrophobia,Paralytic Rabies,Lyssa,Furious Raby,Lyssas,Rabies, Encephalitic,Rabies, Furious,Raby, Furious
D011820	Rabies virus	The type species of LYSSAVIRUS causing rabies in humans and other animals. Transmission is mostly by animal bites through saliva. The virus is neurotropic multiplying in neurons and myotubes of vertebrates.	Rabies viruses
D011821	Raccoons	Carnivores of the genus Procyon of the family PROCYONIDAE. Two subgenera and seven species are currently recognized. They range from southern Canada to Panama and are found in several of the Caribbean Islands.	Procyon,Procyons,Raccoon
D001921	Brain	The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM.	Encephalon
D002415	Cats	The domestic cat, Felis catus, of the carnivore family FELIDAE, comprising over 30 different breeds. The domestic cat is descended primarily from the wild cat of Africa and extreme southwestern Asia. Though probably present in towns in Palestine as long ago as 7000 years, actual domestication occurred in Egypt about 4000 years ago. (From Walker's Mammals of the World, 6th ed, p801)	Felis catus,Felis domesticus,Domestic Cats,Felis domestica,Felis sylvestris catus,Cat,Cat, Domestic,Cats, Domestic,Domestic Cat
D002417	Cattle	Domesticated bovine animals of the genus Bos, usually kept on a farm or ranch and used for the production of meat or dairy products or for heavy labor.	Beef Cow,Bos grunniens,Bos indicus,Bos indicus Cattle,Bos taurus,Cow,Cow, Domestic,Dairy Cow,Holstein Cow,Indicine Cattle,Taurine Cattle,Taurus Cattle,Yak,Zebu,Beef Cows,Bos indicus Cattles,Cattle, Bos indicus,Cattle, Indicine,Cattle, Taurine,Cattle, Taurus,Cattles, Bos indicus,Cattles, Indicine,Cattles, Taurine,Cattles, Taurus,Cow, Beef,Cow, Dairy,Cow, Holstein,Cows,Dairy Cows,Domestic Cow,Domestic Cows,Indicine Cattles,Taurine Cattles,Taurus Cattles,Yaks,Zebus
D002685	Chiroptera	Order of mammals whose members are adapted for flight. It includes bats, flying foxes, and fruit bats.	Bats,Flying Foxes,Horseshoe Bats,Pteropodidae,Pteropus,Rhinolophus,Rousettus,Bat, Horseshoe,Bats, Horseshoe,Foxes, Flying,Horseshoe Bat
D004285	Dogs	The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065)	Canis familiaris,Dog
D005189	False Positive Reactions	Positive test results in subjects who do not possess the attribute for which the test is conducted. The labeling of healthy persons as diseased when screening in the detection of disease. (Last, A Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)	False Positive Reaction,Positive Reaction, False,Positive Reactions, False,Reaction, False Positive,Reactions, False Positive