Biomaterial Database

Plasma concentrations of 18-hydroxycorticosterone and aldosterone in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis patients. 1983

P G Zager, and H J Frey, and B G Gerdes

This study explores the hypothesis that the continuous ultrafiltration that accompanies continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) produces greater activation of the renin-angiotensin aldosterone axis than does the intermittent ultrafiltration that accompanies thrice weekly hemodialysis (HD). Plasma renin activity (PRA), active renin (AR), total renin (TR), inactive renin (IR), 18-hydroxycorticosterone (18-OH-B), aldosterone (PAC), and cortisol were measured in plasma from CAPD (n = 6) and HD (n = 10) patients. Blood from CAPD patients was sampled at 8 AM after overnight recumbency and at 12 noon after four hours ambulation. Blood from HD patients was sampled immediately pre-HD (8 AM) and post-HD (12 noon) at both 8 AM and 12 noon. PRA (P less than 0.01), AR (P less than 0.01), and AR/TR (100%; P less than 0.01) were higher in CAPD than in HD. IR and TR were not different in the two groups. Plasma 18-OH-B was normal in HD but markedly elevated in CAPD. 18-OH-B was higher in CAPD than in HD at 8 AM (P less than 0.05) and at 12 noon (P less than 0.05). Plasma cortisol was not different in the two groups. We conclude that the greater degree of renin activation in CAPD versus HD contributes to the higher levels of 18-OH-B and PAC observed in CAPD patients.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008875	Middle Aged	An adult aged 45 - 64 years.	Middle Age
D010530	Peritoneal Dialysis	Dialysis fluid being introduced into and removed from the peritoneal cavity as either a continuous or an intermittent procedure.	Dialyses, Peritoneal,Dialysis, Peritoneal,Peritoneal Dialyses
D010531	Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory	Portable peritoneal dialysis using the continuous (24 hours a day, 7 days a week) presence of peritoneal dialysis solution in the peritoneal cavity except for periods of drainage and instillation of fresh solution.	CAPD,Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis
D012083	Renin	A highly specific (Leu-Leu) endopeptidase that generates ANGIOTENSIN I from its precursor ANGIOTENSINOGEN, leading to a cascade of reactions which elevate BLOOD PRESSURE and increase sodium retention by the kidney in the RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM. The enzyme was formerly listed as EC 3.4.99.19.	Angiotensin-Forming Enzyme,Angiotensinogenase,Big Renin,Cryorenin,Inactive Renin,Pre-Prorenin,Preprorenin,Prorenin,Angiotensin Forming Enzyme,Pre Prorenin,Renin, Big,Renin, Inactive
D012084	Renin-Angiotensin System	A BLOOD PRESSURE regulating system of interacting components that include RENIN; ANGIOTENSINOGEN; ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME; ANGIOTENSIN I; ANGIOTENSIN II; and angiotensinase. Renin, an enzyme produced in the kidney, acts on angiotensinogen, an alpha-2 globulin produced by the liver, forming ANGIOTENSIN I. Angiotensin-converting enzyme, contained in the lung, acts on angiotensin I in the plasma converting it to ANGIOTENSIN II, an extremely powerful vasoconstrictor. Angiotensin II causes contraction of the arteriolar and renal VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE, leading to retention of salt and water in the KIDNEY and increased arterial blood pressure. In addition, angiotensin II stimulates the release of ALDOSTERONE from the ADRENAL CORTEX, which in turn also increases salt and water retention in the kidney. Angiotensin-converting enzyme also breaks down BRADYKININ, a powerful vasodilator and component of the KALLIKREIN-KININ SYSTEM.	Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System,Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System,Renin Angiotensin System,System, Renin-Angiotensin,System, Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone
D003345	Corticosterone	An adrenocortical steroid that has modest but significant activities as a mineralocorticoid and a glucocorticoid. (From Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 8th ed, p1437)
D006435	Renal Dialysis	Therapy for the insufficient cleansing of the BLOOD by the kidneys based on dialysis and including hemodialysis, PERITONEAL DIALYSIS, and HEMODIAFILTRATION.	Dialysis, Extracorporeal,Dialysis, Renal,Extracorporeal Dialysis,Hemodialysis,Dialyses, Extracorporeal,Dialyses, Renal,Extracorporeal Dialyses,Hemodialyses,Renal Dialyses
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000450	Aldosterone	A hormone secreted by the ADRENAL CORTEX that regulates electrolyte and water balance by increasing the renal retention of sodium and the excretion of potassium.	Aldosterone, (+-)-Isomer,Aldosterone, (11 beta,17 alpha)-Isomer
D015069	18-Hydroxycorticosterone	11 beta,18,21-Trihydroxypregn-4-ene-3,20-dione.	18-Hydrocorticosterone,18 Hydroxycorticosterone,18 Hydrocorticosterone,Hydroxycorticosterone, 18