Biomaterial Database

Plasmodium falciparum-malaria: resistance to chloroquine, but sensitivity to mefloquine in the Gabon. A prospective in-vitro study. 1984

G D Burchard, and R D Horstmann, and W H Wernsdorfer, and M Dietrich

A determination of the sensitivity to chloroquine and to mefloquine was carried out in malaria patients of the Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Lambarene, Gabon, by using the schizont maturation test. The chloroquine testing showed in 6 of 31 cases a schizont maturation at 1.14 pmol/microliter of blood and more; this means an in-vitro resistance in 19% of the cases. The evaluation of the effective concentrations (i.e. concentrations producing the appropriate inhibition of schizont maturation) with the probit analysis yielded for chloroquine an EC50 of 0.2537 X 10(-6) mol/l of blood and an EC90 of 0.8317 X 10(-6) mol/l of blood. In the testing of mefloquine, schizont maturation was found in 3 of 31 cases in concentrations of 1.6 pmol/microliter of blood, the probit analysis, however, showed effective doses in the normal range with an EC50 of 0.2192 X 10(-6) mol/l of blood and an EC90 of 0.7863 X 10(-6) mol/l of blood. These results demonstrate the alarming observation of Plasmodium falciparum strains resistant in-vitro to chloroquine in a region where in vivo resistance has not been observed hitherto.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007223	Infant	A child between 1 and 23 months of age.	Infants
D008288	Malaria	A protozoan disease caused in humans by four species of the PLASMODIUM genus: PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM; PLASMODIUM VIVAX; PLASMODIUM OVALE; and PLASMODIUM MALARIAE; and transmitted by the bite of an infected female mosquito of the genus ANOPHELES. Malaria is endemic in parts of Asia, Africa, Central and South America, Oceania, and certain Caribbean islands. It is characterized by extreme exhaustion associated with paroxysms of high FEVER; SWEATING; shaking CHILLS; and ANEMIA. Malaria in ANIMALS is caused by other species of plasmodia.	Marsh Fever,Plasmodium Infections,Remittent Fever,Infections, Plasmodium,Paludism,Fever, Marsh,Fever, Remittent,Infection, Plasmodium,Plasmodium Infection
D008297	Male		Males
D008875	Middle Aged	An adult aged 45 - 64 years.	Middle Age
D010963	Plasmodium falciparum	A species of protozoa that is the causal agent of falciparum malaria (MALARIA, FALCIPARUM). It is most prevalent in the tropics and subtropics.	Plasmodium falciparums,falciparums, Plasmodium
D011446	Prospective Studies	Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.	Prospective Study,Studies, Prospective,Study, Prospective
D011804	Quinolines
D002648	Child	A person 6 to 12 years of age. An individual 2 to 5 years old is CHILD, PRESCHOOL.	Children
D002675	Child, Preschool	A child between the ages of 2 and 5.	Children, Preschool,Preschool Child,Preschool Children
D002738	Chloroquine	The prototypical antimalarial agent with a mechanism that is not well understood. It has also been used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and in the systemic therapy of amebic liver abscesses.	Aralen,Arechine,Arequin,Chingamin,Chlorochin,Chloroquine Sulfate,Chloroquine Sulphate,Khingamin,Nivaquine,Sulfate, Chloroquine,Sulphate, Chloroquine